An 83-year-old man, who had undergone right radical nephrectomy tor renal cell Carcinoma about 7 years previously, experienced nielena and abdominal mass. Barium enema, c:olonoscopy, computed tomography, and arteriography showed a hypervascular mass on the transverse colon, and a partial transverse colectomy was performed. The postoperative histologic examination revealed that the tumor was a metastatic clear cell carcinoma.

A 67-year-old man with squamous cell bladder carcinoma showed remarkable leukocytosis (maximum 50,300 per microliter.) for 4 months while the neoplasm recurred and metastasis progressed. The patient died of systemic metastasis within 9 months after cystectomy. Enzyme immunoassay of the serum demonstrated remarkably high levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (4,928 pg./ml.). Immunohistochemical examination with anti-granulocyte colony-stimulating factor monoclonal antibody demonstrated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production in the metastatic cancer cells in the liver. The expression of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor gene in the tumor specimens was examined by standard Northern blot analysis. Specific granulocyte colony-stimulating factor transcript was identified in the total ribonucleic acid fraction extracted from a tumor specimen of the peritoneal metastatic lesion. These results indicated that the autonomous production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in this bladder carcinoma induced paraneoplastic leukocytosis.

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Ninety-five patients with prostatic carcinoma first treated from 1963 to 1972 were followed through 1975. Age of the patients ranged from 45 to 85 years old with an average of 68 years old. Histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma in all patients; 64 patients had well differentiated type and 31 had poorly differentiated type. Five patients were classified in stage T0NxM0, one in stage T12 NxMo, 45 in stage T3. 4NxMo, and 44 in stae To. 4NxM1. All patients were treated by synthetic estrogen (hexestrol). Castration was done in combination with estrogen therapy in 74 patients.Patients with non-metastatic prostatic carcinoma showed a little better relative survival rates than patients with metastatic prostatic carcinoma; 5-year relative survival rates were 55% (S. E. 10%) for non-metastatic prostatic carcinoma and 35% (S. E. 10%) for metastatic prostatic carcinoma.Survival rates of patients with prostatic carcinoma of poorly differentiated type were significantly worse than those of well differentiated type; 5-year relative survival rates were 10% (S. E. 7%) for poorly differentiated type and 65% (S. E. 9%) for well differentiated type.As for the dosis of synthetic estrogen, 41 patients were maintained on 100 mg of hexestrol daily and 54

A 25-year-old male hermaphrodite with the sex chromosome constitution of 46,XX is reported. Clinical, endocrinological, pathological and cytogenetical studies are presented and discussed in comparison with findings in the so-called XX males reported in the literature. Some theories to explain the paradoxical occurrence of a testis in XX males and XX male hermaphrodites are mentioned and a possible aetiological relationship between these XX male syndromes and Klinefelter's syndrome is suggested.