During the Covid-19 pandemic, the implementation of online learning carried out by teachers, tended to only use the WhatsApp application as a medium in assigning assignments and collecting assignments by students. Learning resources used by students at home are not yet innovative, only sourced from books and Student Worksheets (LKS). In addition, the social studies material contained in the book is not in accordance with the curriculum. This research aims to describe the validity of the IPS Lectora Inspire e-module based on discovery learning for the fourth grade of elementary school. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D). This research is a research method used to find, develop and validate a product. This research went through three stages, namely the define, design and develop stages which were adopted from the 4-D model developed by Thiagarajan which was then modified into 3-D. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The instrument for collecting research data is in the form of a validity questionnaire sheet. The e-module is validated by two experts, namely a material expert and a design expert. The data from the validation sheet were analyzed quantitatively, then used descriptive techniques to draw conclusions qualitatively. Based on the results of data analysis, the validity of the material aspect was 89% and the validity of the design aspect was 83% with an average of 86% with very valid criteria. Thus, the IPS Lectora Inspire e-module based on discovery learning for grade elementary school produced can be used in the learning process.

The background of this research is that several teachers in elementary schools throughout the Nanggalo sub-district still have not implemented traditional Minangkabau games in physical education learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the application of traditional Minangkabau games in Physical Education knowledge in 2019-2020. The research method is a survey method with an instrument in the form of a research questionnaire in the form of a google form (online), with the research subjects being Physical Education teachers from elementary schools throughout the Nanggalo Padang sub-district, totaling 27 elementary schools with a total of 29 PJOK teachers. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis in the form of percentages. The results of the study on the survey of the application of traditional Minangkabau games in physical education learning in elementary schools throughout the Nanggalo district of Padang city were seen from the number of elementary schools with a percentage of 74% public elementary schools, 19% private elementary schools and private elementary schools that did not have PJOK teachers 7%. Judging from the number of teachers with 62% male teachers and 38% female teachers. For the results of the application of traditional Minangkabau games in physical education learning with a percentage of 50.10% in the category of applying and 49.90% of the type not using. It can be concluded that PJOK teachers have implemented traditional Minangkabau games.

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkaji teori perngembangan anak dan aspek yang dipengaruhi oleh pengembangan sosial anak dalam sosiologi kependidikan, khususnya permasalahan sosial. Penggunaan metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian kepustakaan dengan meta-analisis dari sepuluh hasil review jurnal nasional berdasarkan aspek perkembangan sosial anak, yaitu personaliti anak, yaitu sifat dasar, keadaan prenatal, keberbedaan personal, keadaan dan motivasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) berdasarkan hasil meta-analisis review sepuluh jurnal nasional didominasi oleh aspek perkembangan keberbedaan personal (2) aspek perkembangan sosial,khususnya keberbedaan sosial belum berkembang dengan baik karena perlu pendampingan dan arahan dari orang tua dan guru untuk penanganan permasalahan sosial pada anak; (3) aspek perkembangan keberbedaan personal ini juga merupakan faktor internal yang memengaruhi dalam diri anak; (4) Implikasi penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi orang tua untuk menjaga komunikasi dan berkolaborasi dalam mencegah terjadinya permasalahan sosial pada anak.Penanganan Permasalahan Sosial pada Anak dalam Pengembangan Sosial di Sekolah Dasar

The implementation of project-based learning in social sciences learning subjects contains learning material regarding the types of social institutions, religion, economics, and politics. The purpose of this paper is to describe the evaluation of project-based learning in social science learning subjects in elementary schools. The method used is a literature review with a meta-analysis of ten national-indexed journal review results based on the evaluation of project-based learning on learning subjects in elementary schools. The research results were grouped and analyzed based on the evaluation of project-based learning in social sciences learning subjects in elementary schools. The analysis results of a number of research indicate that there are (a) inadequacies of teacher skills in the use of learning models that encourage students in the learning process, (b) inadequate learning media used in social sciences learning subjects, (c) still using conventional teaching method in teaching and learning process so that students do not achieve the results from learning, and (d) insufficient teacher’s competence in the implementation of project-based learning in social sciences learning subjects in elementary schools. Through the four results of the evaluation of social sciences learning subjects in elementary schools, Students’ independence and discipline can increase so that they can communicate and achieve learning objectives.