Fish and other fishery products are one of the important food sources in fulfilling human nutritional needs. Fish contains nutrients that are good for the body and are easily digested by the body. Fish is a source of animal protein that comes from the water. Fish is rich in nutritional content, such as protein, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. Fish is a source of long chain fatty acids, such as omega-3. Omega-3 fatty acids from marine and fresh fish are higher than those from land and vegetable animals. The potential for fish availability is more than other fishery products, so that to meet the nutritional needs of the body can be done by consuming fish as needed. Public knowledge about the importance of nutritional content in fish for health is still low, so there is a need for knowledge about the nutritional content of fish and their health benefits. This review explains the nutritional content of seawater and freshwater fish and its benefits for health.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu optimum produksi enzim protease dan amilase isolat bakteri asal terasi ikan teri Stolephorus sp. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu pengukuran pertumbuhan isolat bakteri dan penentuan waktu optimum produksi enzim protease dan amilase. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi uji aktivitas enzim protease dan amilase dan  kadar protein dari tiap-tiap enzim tersebut. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Ada 4 isolat bakteri, 2 isolat merupakan bakteri penghasil protease yaitu isolat P2 dan P4, dan 2 isolat yang merupakan bakteri penghasil amilase yaitu A2 dan A4. Aktivitas protease optimum terjadi pada jam ke-36 untuk isolat P2 sebesar 0,073 U/mL dengan aktivitas spesifik sebesar 1,632 U/mg dan isolat P4 yaitu 0,057 U/mL dengan aktivitas spesifik 4,91U/mg. Aktivitas amilase optimum terjadi pada jam ke-36 untuk isolat A2 sebesar 0,360 U/mL dengan aktivitas spesifik sebesar 7,73 U/mg dan aktivitas amilase optimum pada isolat A4 sebesar 0,239 U/mL dengan aktivitas spesifik 5,24 U/mg. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to know the optimization of incubation time in the production of protease and amylase by bacterial isolates of anchovy Stolephorus sp. paste origin. This research was conducted in two stages, namely the growth of bacterial isolates measurement and determination the optimum time production of the enzyme protease and amylase. Testing conducted include the test proteases and amylase enzyme activity and protein levels of each of these enzymes. The data will be analyzed test results are descriptive. There are 4 bacterial isolates, where 2 isolates, which is a protease-producing bacteria isolates that is P2 and P4, and 2 isolates, which is the amylase-producing bacteria that is A2 and A4. The activity of the protease optimum occurs at to-36 hours to isolate P2 of 0.073 U/mL with a specific activity of 1.632 U/mg and isolates P4 that is 0.057 U/mL with a specific activity of 4.91 U/mg. Whereas amylase activity, optimum occurs at to-36ohours for A2 isolates of 0.360 U/mL with a specific activity of 7.73 U/mg and activity of amylase optimum on A4 isolates of 0.239 U/mL with a specific activity of  5.224 U/mg.

Formation of feather shells (Anadara antiquata) which has been carried out the characteristics of amino acids and fatty acids obtained the highest amino acid yield is Arginine 10293.28, and the lowest histidine is 136.91. The highest saturated fatty acid is palmitic which is 1.20 and the lowest lauric acid is 0.09, the highest monounsaturated fatty acid is glutamic acid 17257.96, and the lowest is alanine 312.56, the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid is linoleic 0.58, linolenic acid 0.58, and the lowest arachidonic acid 0.29.

Cellulolytic fungi are potentially useful in biotechnology. Decomposition of substrates containing cellulose can be applied in bioethanol and enzymes production. Fungi are one group of microorganisms that can decompose cellulase materials.  This study aimed to obtain potential cellulolytic fungi isolated from marine habitat. Screening of the fungi was performed using CBM media with different salinity. Six isolates were tested quantitatively for cellulolytic activity using congo red staining. Cellulolytic index of algicolous and manglicolous fungi were lower than those of EN isolate, Veronea sp. KT19, and sponge associate (SMH). Fungi cultured in freshwater and seawater media possessed higher cellulolytic index in compared to those of cultures in 3% NaCl medium. However, freshwater and seawater media showed no significant effect. Cellulolytic index of EN isolate, Veronaea sp. KT19, and SMH after six days of incubation were 1.357; 1.267, and 1.278, respectively. All six isolates potentially produced cellulase in all medium tested. Keywords: Cellulolytic, cellulose, endophytes, enzyme

Provinsi Kepulauan Riau memiliki potensi sumber daya alam yang tinggi khususnya sumber daya perairan. Sumber daya perairan di Kepulauan Riau menjadi salah satu habitat bagi banyak biota laut dilindungi. Namun, dengan meningkatnya aktivitas dan kebutuhan manusia menyebabkan tekanan terhadap sumber daya perairan yang akan berdampak pada biota laut khususnya yang dilindungi oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Upaya konservasi perlu dilakukan yang meliputi aspek pelestarian, perlindungan, dan pemanfaatan. Cara preventif lain yang dapat dilakukan adalah pemberian edukasi kepada masyarakat khususnya anak-anak sekolah menengah atas. Mengingat pendidikan terkait kelestarian keanekaragaman hayati laut khususnya biota laut yang dilindungi penting untuk dipelajari sedini mungkin, maka siswa-siswi sekolah menjadi sasaran yang tepat untuk dilakukan sosialisasi mengenai biota-biota laut yang dilindungi agar terwujudnya rasa peduli, kemauan, serta penambahan ilmu pengetahuan untuk tetap menjaga keanekaragaman hayati laut. Kegiatan pengenalan biota laut dilindungi diharapkan meningkatkan rasa peduli, kemauan, serta wawasan dalam menjaga sumber daya biota laut dilindungi di Kepulauan Riau tetap lestari. Pengenalan biota laut dilindungi di Kepulauan Riau dengan peserta siswa kelas XI SMAN 6 Tanjungpinang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu pre-test pengetahuan tentang biota laut dilindungi di Kepulauan Riau melalui media quizizz, edukasi biota laut dilindungi apa saja yang ada di Kepulauan Riau melalui media e-book yang berisi gambar, keterangan, dan statusnya, serta diakhiri dengan post-test melalui soal yang sama dengan pre-test menggunakan media quizizz untuk mengukur sejauh mana peningkatan pengenalan, pengetahuan, dan pemahaman siswa terkait biota laut dilindungi di Kepulauan Riau. Tingkat pengenalan, pengetahuan, dan pemahaman siswa meningkat dari rentang sangat kurang sampai sedang menjadi rentang sedang sampai sangat tinggi. Media ajar dalam bentuk e-book sangat efektif untuk mengenalkan biota laut dilindungi di Kepulauan Riau, sesuai dengan target stakeholder sasaran yang masih dalam pendidikan sekolah menengah atas.