<p class="0abstract">The development of digital technologies necessitates the formation of digital literacy and entrepreneurship skills in the modern "digital generation". The study has as the objective to identify the aspects of consumer demand for educational services in the process of testing the conceptual model of mobile learning adapted to the modern business environment in the context of digital transformations of the socio-economic life. The concept of an educational course based on the Sakai mobile learning platform with a focus on the formation of digital literacy in the business segment has been proposed in the study. The educational and applied course "Entrepreneurship in the Digital Mode" was tested within the educational programs of the State University of Management (Lyubertsy, Russia) and Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (St. Petersburg, Russia). The experiment made it possible to identify key aspects of consumer demand for distance education based on the characteristics of the participants' perception of the advantages and effectiveness of mobile learning. Most participants confirmed their professional achievements and the fact of the implementation of personal educational goals. Mobile learning was described as an easy, comfortable, interesting, innovative and modern method of learning compared to traditional classroom lessons. In the process of mobile learning, students demonstrated an increase in personal responsibility and self-organization while practical classes and the synergy of the educational content with real business cases greatly contributed to their involvement and productivity. Until now, research has not dealt with real measurable in terms of real income from specific activities, the results of the application of mobile learning. The contribution of this study to the area under study is to establish pedagogical demands that can be satisfied with mobile learning.</p>

Background: Modern medicine has gained considerable knowledge of the pathophysiology of mental disorders at the body, systemic, organ and neurochemical levels of the biological organization of the body. Modern clinical diagnostic of depression has some problem. That is why psychiatric Society to make diagnostics and taxonomy of different types of depression by implemention modern molecular biomarkers in diagnostic procedures. But up to now there were no reliable biomarkers of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other types of depression. Objective: The purpose of this review is to find fundamentals in pathological mechanisms of depression, which could be a basis for development molecular and genetic biomarkers the most feasible for clinic. Method: This review summarizes the published data using PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scopus. Results: In this review, we summarized and discussed findings in molecular biology, genetics, neuroplasticity, neurotransmitters, neuroimaging that could increase our understanding of biological foundations of depression and show new directions for development reliable biomarkers. We didn’t find no molecular and genetic biomarkers approved for clinic. But Genome-Wide Association Study method promises some progress in development biomarkers based on SNP in the future. Epigenetic factors also are a promising target for biomarkers. We have found some differences in etiology of different type of atypical and melancholic depression. This knowledge could be the basis for development biomarkers for clinical practice in diagnosis, prognosis and selection of treatment. Conclusion: Depression is not monoetiological disease. Many pathological mechanisms involved in depression, thus up to now there is no approved and reliable biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and correction of treatment of depression. Structural and functional complexity of the brain, the lack of invasive technology, poor correlations between genetic and clinical manifestation of depression, imperfect psychiatric classification and taxonomy of subtypes of disease are the main causes of this situation . One of the possible way to come over this situation can be to pay attention to the trigger mechanism of disease and its subtypes. Researchers and clinicians should focus their efforts on searching trigger mechanism of depression and different types of it . HPA axis can be a candidate for such trigger in depression caused by stress, because it influences to the main branches of disease: neuroinflammation, activity of biogenic amines, oxidative and nitrozative stress, epigenetic factors, metabolomics etc. But before we shall find any trigger mechanism, we need to create complex biomarker reflecting genetic, epigenetic, metabolomics and other pathological changes in different types of depression. Recently the most encouraging results have been obtained from genetics and neuroimaging. Continuing research in these areas should be forced by using computational , statistical and systems biology approaches, which can allow to get more knowledge about neurobiology of depression. In order to obtain clinically useful tests search for biomarkers should use appropriate research methodologies with increasing samples and identifying more homogeneous groups of depressed patients.

No abstract

The phytochemical screening of potentially efficient medicinal herbs is one of the current focus areas of modern pharmacochemistry. This work aims to analyze the phytochemical composition of the aboveground parts in three Stellaria species (S. bungeana, S. graminea, S. holostea). The study was conducted between May and July 2020 in the Moscow region of the Russian Federation. Yield values for raw herbal materials and density of stitchwort samples per 1 m2 (154 sites in total) were recorded, followed by a phytochemical analysis of the dry mass by chromatography. The maximum yield of S. bungeana was established to be 1.5 times higher than in two other species (p ≤ 0.05). In S. graminea, the maximum pectin concentration was 12 times higher than in S. holostea (p ≤ 0.001) and 0.5 times higher than in S. bungeana (p ≤ 0.05). The number of polysaccharides in S. bungeana was 14 times higher than in S. graminea (p ≤ 0.001) and two higher than in S. holostea (p ≤ 0.05). Hemicellulose content of S. bungeana extract was twice as high as that of other species (p ≤ 0.05). Tannins in S. graminea were found two times more often than in S. holostea (p ≤ 0.05) and eight times more often in S. bungeana (p ≤ 0.01). Vitamin C content in S. graminea was two times greater than in the other two stitchwort species (p ≤ 0.05). Stitchwort is a common, widespread plant that makes it easy to collect without harming plant communities. Biologically active substances (polysaccharides, vitamin C, tannins, and pectins) were found in the composition of all stitchwort species with a preventive and therapeutic effect on the human body. The concentration of tannins and vitamin C is maximal in S. graminea extract, amounting to 2.6% and 45.9%, accordingly. The extract from S. bungeana contains a lot of hemicellulose (13.2%) and polysaccharides (7.2%). No high concentration of these substances was recorded in S. holostea, which makes this species the least pharmaceutically valuable. S. graminea and S. bungeana plants can be recommended for pharmaceutical processing due to the high concentrations of vitamin C, pectins, tannins, polysaccharides, and hemicellulose.

No abstract