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This paper proposes an electrochemical-thermal coupling model for state of charge (SOC) estimation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this paper, to solve two numerical problems in the quasi twodimensional model of LIBs, a simplified one-dimensional model is built. Considering that the parameters in the model are affected by temperature, the internal parameters of the battery which obey the Arrhenius equation are introduced. Based on the simplified one-dimensional model, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model is built. Finally, an adaptive SOC observer based on electrochemical-thermal coupling model is designed. The simulation results show that the electrochemical-thermal coupling model can be effectively applied to SOC estimation.INDEX TERMS Lithium-ion battery, pseudo two-dimensional, one-dimensional model, electrochemicalthermal coupling model, SOC estimation.

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