Large adnexal masses can be successfully managed with minimal hospital stay using laparoscopic techniques, when care is taken to avoid rupture and spillage of cyst contents, and thorough inspection of the mass and abdominal cavity is made possible. The probability of finding an unexpected malignancy is low. In those cases where a malignancy is found, appropriate cytoreductive staging surgery can be performed immediately.

Serum leptin levels may be predictive of IVF pregnancy outcome with the effect on intraovarian progesterone/estradiol ratio during the follicular phase. Significantly low serum leptin levels were noted in the pregnant women than in the nonpregnant women.