BACKGROUND: Stainless steel brackets are composed of various metal that may corrode in oral cavity. Corrosion is caused by the release of metal ions such as chromium, nickel, and iron. The release of metal ions can cause adverse effects such as toxicity, allergic, and mutagenicity. To evaluate the biocompatibility of stainless steel brackets, micronucleus assay as one of genotoxicity assay is used in this study. To determine the differences and the correlation of metal ions release and genotoxic activity among three brand stainless steel brackets. METHODS:Three brands of brackets were immersed in artificial saliva for 672 hours and the release of ion chromium, nikel and iron were examined. The cytokynesis block micronucleus assay (CBMN) using lymphocytes was performed as well. Abstract RESULTS:The highest metal releasing were nickel, cromium, iron, respectively (30.5, 27.2, 23.4 ppb). There was a significant differences between total nickel and iron ion release among three brand brackets (p=0.04, p=0.02). Genotoxicity of metal ion released was correlated with durration of immersion brackets (p=0.01). Genotoxicity was significant correlated with the release of chromium (p=0.03) and nickel (p=0.01). CONCLUSION:Genotoxicity of stainless steel brackets was influenced by duration of immersion but not influenced by brand brackets. KEYWORDS: genotoxicity, stainless steel brackets, metal ion Indones Biomed J. 2016; 8(2): 97-102Fixed orthodontic appliances are commonly made of metal and alloys, which composed of various metals substances. Orthodontic bracket is the main elements of the fixed appliance orthodontic which delivers the activated force from the wire to the teeth.(1) Alloy brackets can be made of stainless steel, nickel-free stainless steel, and nickeltitanium. (2) Stainless steel brackets have certain limitation as it is prone to corrode thus releases metal ions.(3) Corrosion on stainless steel bracket will reduce its aesthetic and strength. From the stand point of biocompatibility, corrosion of metals can cause adverse biologic effect.(4) Exposure to metal ions will lead to accumulation of these ions on the soft tissue and cause toxicity.(5) Some of the metal ions, such as nickel and chromium, were found abundant in stainless steel brackets and were classified as chemical carcinogens. (4) Some factors such as saliva and time expossure can influence corrosion in the oral cavity. The longer these metal exposed to corrosive environment, the more metal ions were released. The length of exposure time to metal ions in the body has been known to limit the ability of cells

ABSTRAKPerawatan gigitan terbuka anterior telah lama dianggap sebagai tantangan bagi ortodontis. Prevalensi gigitan terbuka anterior antara 3,5% hingga 11% terdapat pada berbagai usia dan kelompok etnis, serta ada sekitar 17% pasien ortodonti memiliki gigitan terbuka. Stabilitas hasil perawatan gigitan terbuka anterior sangat sulit, karena adanya kombinasi diskrepansi anteroposterior dengan gigitan terbuka skeletal sehingga dibutuhkan tingkat keterampilan diagnosis dan klinis yang tinggi. Etiologi gigitan terbuka anterior sangat kompleks karena dapat melibatkan skeletal, dental, dan faktorfaktor habitual. Eliminasi faktor etiologi merupakan hal yang penting dalam perawatan gigitan terbuka anterior. Berbagai cara perawatan untuk koreksi gigitan terbuka anterior diantaranya bedah ortognatik dan perawatan ortodontik kamuflase, seperti high-pull headgear, chincup, bite blocks, alatfungsional, pencabutan gigi, multi-loop edgewise archwires dan mini implan. Stabilitas hasil perawatan adalah kriteria yang paling penting dalam menentukan cara perawatan gigitan terbuka anterior. Maj Ked Gi. Juni 2014; 21 (1)

Bad breath or halitosis is bad smell that come from mouth, which is a common problem that can cause anxiety and significant psychological distress. Potential  causes of halitosis are pseudohalitosis, physiological dan pathological conditions. Usually, people are not familiar about how to differentiate causes, prevention, and treatments oh halitosis. These can affect health issues, discomforts, and distraction for society in doing their daily activities, especially for people in French Walk Apartment RT 11/ RW 19 Kelurahan West Kelapa Gading, North Jakarta. Community health services by Faculty os Dentistry, Trisakti University was done in limitation of Covid-19 Omicron variant outbreak. It’s done on Wednesday, march 2nd, 2022 by Zoom application at 2-3.30pm WIB. There’re 21 participants filled attendance and did 20 pre-post test questions. Participants were given training and simulation on how to brush teeth, dental floss usage, tounge scrapper, and mouth rinsing by committee. The questionnaires provided showed an increase in knowledge and behavior in post test result. By the effective result, hopefully there will be increase in health and quality of life that leads to healhtier Indonesia as well.

<p><strong><em>Latar belakang</em></strong><em>: </em><em>Premature loss merupakan suatu keadaan gigi sulung yang tanggal sebelum waktu erupsi gigi pengganti. Premature loss dapat mempengaruhi panjang lengkung rahang sehingga ruangan untuk erupsi gigi pengganti tidak akan cukup. Akibat ruangan yang tidak cukup akan berdampak pada penyimpangan oklusi seperti rotasi, gigi berjejal, mesial drifting yang dikenal sebagai maloklusi. Premature loss memiliki gambaran maloklusi yang berbeda beda tergantung pada jenis gigi yang mengalami tanggal, sehingga sering menjadi keluhan pasien ortodonti di RSGM FKG Universitas Trisakti. <strong>Tujuan:</strong> untuk mengetahui prevalensi premature loss pada pasien ortodonti di RSGM FKG Universitas Trisakti pada tahun 2013 – 2015. <strong>Metode: </strong>Penelitian observasional menggunakan data sekunder yaitu rekam medik dan model studi tahun 2013 – 2015 dengan menggunakan parameter usia, jenis gigi yang mengalami kehilangan, dan hubungan molar serta keadaan seluruh gigi pasien. <strong>Hasil: </strong>Sebanyak 52 sampel mengalami premature loss dengan rentang usia 6 – 10 tahun. Pada usia 6 tahun sebanyak 2 orang ((3,8%), usia 7 tahun 13 anak (25%), usia 8 tahun 19 anak (36,5%), usia 9 tahun 11 anak (21,2%), dan usia 10 tahun 7 anak (13,5%). Total jumlah gigi yang mengalami premature loss sebanyak 80 gigi dengan insisivus pertama sebanyak 17 gigi (21,25%), insisivus kedua 24 gigi (30%), kaninus 9 gigi (11,25%), molar pertama 10 gigi (12,5%) dan molar kedua 20 gigi (25%). <strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Prevalensi premature loss pada pasien ortodonti di RSGM FKG Universitas Trisakti sebesar 18,5%.</em></p>

<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>The difference in facial profile after orthodontic treatment is important in orthodontic treatment as one of the goals of orthodontic treatment is to improve facial esthetic. Convex facial profiles that require first premolar extraction are the most common complaints of orthodontic patients in Asia. This profile is characterized by an increased lip profile procumbency. Therefore, any difference in the position of the lips from before and after orthodontic treatment is needed to be evaluated. Some studies proved that there was a significant difference in lip position after orthodontic treatment with the extraction of the first premolar teeth. Ricketts analysis is widely used to determine clinical differences in lip position. <strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the difference in lip position after orthodontic treatment with extraction of the first premolar using Ricketts analysis. <strong>Methods: </strong>This study was observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted on 30 samples of lateral cephalogram radiographs before and after treatment at Orthodontist Clinic Bandung. The difference in lip position after orthodontic treatment and extraction of the first premolar teeth was determined using the Ricketts analysis. The measurement results were statistically analyzed with paired T-tests. <strong>Result: </strong>There was a difference in the position of the upper and lower lips after orthodontic treatment with first premolar extraction with p &lt;0.001. The distance of the upper and lower lips to the E-line after orthodontic treatment with first premolar extraction was different than before treatment. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant difference of upper and lower lip position before and after orthodontic treatment with first premolar extraction. </em></p>