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Leaf microorganism communities play significant roles in the process of plant growth, but the microbiome profiling of crop leaves is still a relatively new research area. Here, we used 16S rDNA sequencing to profile the microbiomes of 78 primary dried tobacco leaf samples from 26 locations in eight Chinese provinces. Our analyses revealed that the national leaf microbial communities contain 4473 operational taxonomic units (OTU) representing 1234 species, but there is a small, national core microbiome with only 14 OTU representing nine species. The function of this core microbiome is related to processes including nitrogen fixation, detoxification of diverse pollutants, and heavy-metal reduction. The leaf microorganism communities are obviously affected by local environments but did not exhibit obvious relationships to single ecological factors (e.g., temperature, precipitation). Our findings enhance the understanding of microbial diversity of tobacco leaves, which could be utilized for a variety of bioprocess, agricultural, and environmental detoxification applications.

Economic globalization has made corporate risks complex and diverse. In recent years, the international economic environment and China's policy changes have prompted people to increase their risk awareness. Enterprise risk-taking is the fundamental driving force for economic growth and is vital to the survival and development of enterprises. Therefore, based on the theory of resource dependence, this paper takes the A-share listed non-financial enterprises in 2014-2018 as a sample and establishes a fixed-effect model to study the impact of financial flexibility on the enterprises risk-taking. The research finds that financial flexibility can significantly promote enterprise risktaking, in non-state-owned enterprises and agents. In enterprises with low conflicts, financial flexibility plays a more stronger role in promoting corporate risk-taking. The research in this paper not only enriches the relevant literature on financial flexibility and enterprise risk commitment, but also contributes to the financial resource reserve and risk commitment decision of the enterprise.

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