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In the present study, phytochemical investigation of the young leaves of Eremurus spectabilis let to the isolation six compounds (1-6). Their structure was determined by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the literature data. All compounds were isolated for the first time from E. spectabilis. Isolated compounds and prepared extracts did not show cytotoxic activity against HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma), A-549 (Human alveolar adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (Human breast adenocarcinoma), mPANC96 (Human pancreas adenocarcinoma), U87MG (Glioblastoma), PC3 (Prostate), CaCo-2 (Colon), HEK293 (Human embryonic kidney cells) cell lines. RAW 264.7 (murine macrophage cell lines) was used to determine the inhibition levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).The hexane extract was found to be active in terms of inhibition of iNOS (IC: 25 μg/ml).

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The new compound 2-O-β-D-fructofuranosylglycerol was isolated from the hexane residue. Also 2-O-methylα-fructofuranoside was isolated for the first time from the fruits of Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. The chemical structure of isolated carbohydrates were identified using NMR, Mass spectroscopic technique and literature data. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of P.amygdaliformis Vill. Hexane, dichloromethane and butanol extracts of fruits were used for the test microorganisms. Hexane extract showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella typhimurium with MIC range between 25 -0.39 mg/ml. The most sensitive strain was found to be Klebsiella pneumoniae with MIC value at 0.39 mg/ml in Hexane extract.