IntroductionThe use of non-medicinal facilities of correcting the processes of reparative regeneration for various pathological conditions is one of the most urgent problems in modern medicine. Laser therapy of different types is widely used in clinical practice including traumatology and orthopaedics for treating the locomotorium injuries and diseases, and it is aimed to provide the anesthetizing, anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory and trophic-stimulating effects. [1][2][3][4] Besides, it ensures the decrease in medicinal burden for the patient. The treatment with laser beams is comfortable, non-invasive, aseptic, painless, harmless, and controllable. 5,6 The low-energy laser has a multifactorial effect on the organism. 7,8 The enzymatic activity, as well as the rate of oxygen consumption by tissues increases, also the level of peroxide lipid oxidation decreases, oxidation-restoration processes activates, and the concentration of adaptive hormones increases.9,10 At the same time, the mechanism of laser therapeutic effects is largely unclear, and the doses are selected empirically. Both experimental-and-morphological studies in this field and information on infrared laser effect on reparative osteogenesis morphology are not numerous, 1,2,11 thereby evidencing the problem relevance, as well as the necessity of performing the present study. The purpose of the work is to study the efficiency of low-intensive of infrared laser irradiation in promoting reparative osteogenesis and angiogenesis during fracture treatment under transosseous osteosynthesis with a qualitative and quantitative morphological analysis. MethodsWe performed the experiments using 32 Wistar pubertal male rats of 340-390-g body weight in the control and experimental groups (16 animals each). We modeled a tibial fracture in the shaft middle third in a closed way under general anesthesia, performed reposition and fixation of fragments using the device worked out by us (Iryanov YM, Naumov EA, Iryanova TY; Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics; Device for osteosynthesis of small bones. Russia patent 113651. 2012 February 12). One day after surgery the animals of the experimental group underwent low-energy pulsed infrared laser irradiation using a therapeutic laser device (laser therapy apparatus "Uzor A-2K, " country of origin: Russia), wavelength within the near-infrared range (0.89±0.02 µm), pulse frequency -150 Hz, power -4 W, pulse duration -110-160 The use of non-medicinal facilities of correcting processes for various pathological conditions is one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. The purpose of the work is to study the efficiency of low-intensive of infrared laser irradiation in promoting reparative osteogenesis and angiogenesis during fracture treatment under transosseous osteosynthesis with a qualitative and quantitative morphological analysis. Methods: A tibial fracture was modeled experimentally in rats from control and experimental groups, then repositioning and fixation of fragments per...

Background: Non-drug correction of reparative bone tissue regeneration in different pathological states -one of the most actual problems of modern medicine. Objective: Our aim was to conduct morphological analysis of the influence of electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency and low intensity on reparative osteogenesis and angiogenesis in fracture treatment under transosseous osteosynthesis. Methods: A controlled nonrandomized study was carried out. In the experiment conducted on rats we modeled tibial fracture with reposition and fixation of the bone fragments both in control and experimental groups. In the animals of the experimental group the fracture zone was exposed to low intensity electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency. Exposure simulation was performed in the control group. The operated bones were examined using radiography, light and electronic microscopy, X-ray electronic probe microanalysis. Results: It has been established that electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency sessions in fracture treatment stimulate secretory activity and degranulation of mast cells, produce microcirculatory bed vascular permeability increase, endotheliocyte migration phenotype expression, provide endovascular endothelial outgrowth formation, activate reparative osteogenesis and angiogenesis while fracture reparation becomes the one of the primary type. The full periosteal, intermediary and intraosteal bone union was defined in 28 days. Conclusion: Among the therapeutic benefits of electromagnetic radiation of ultra-high frequency in fracture treatment we can detect mast cell secretory activity stimulation and endovascular angiogenesis activation. ОбоснованиеПрименение немедикаментозных средств коррекции процессов репаративной регенерации костной ткани при различных патологических состояниях -одна из наиболее актуальных задач современной медицины. В клиниче-

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The purpose of our research was to study the chondroplastic efficiency of the bone matrix obtained by the original technology, while restoring the defect of cartilage of the knee joint.Methods: In 40 adult Wistar male rats, marginal defects were modeled on the surface of the distal end of the femur. The animals of the experimental group were implanted with bone matrix into the damage zone. The material was examined by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray electron probe microanalysis.Results: It was established that bone matrix did not cause immune rejection reaction and has prolonged activated reparative chondrogenesis. In the area of articular cartilage damage, a regenerate was formed, acquiring cellular and histochemical specificity of the hyaline cartilaginous tissue. The properties of the chondroinductor to the bone matrix were ensured by localized growth factors and bone morphogenetic proteins released during osteoclastic resorption.Conclusion: The use of bone matrix as a stimulant of chondrogenesis is theoretically justified and has a good prospect in the treatment of articular cartilage damage and diseases.

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