To avoid information systems malfunction, their integrity disruption, availability violation as well as data confidentiality, it is necessary to detect anomalies in information system operation as quickly as possible. The anomalies are usually caused by malicious activity – information systems attacks. However, the current approaches to detect anomalies in information systems functioning have never been perfect. In particular, statistical and signature-based techniques do not allow detection of anomalies based on modifications of well-known attacks, dynamic approaches based on machine learning techniques result in false responses and frequent anomaly miss-outs. Therefore, various hybrid solutions are being frequently offered on the basis of those two approaches. The paper suggests a hybrid approach to detect anomalies by combining computationally efficient classifiers of machine learning with accuracy increase due to weighted voting. Pilot evaluation of the developed approach proved its feasibility for anomaly detection systems.

Summary. The problem of prediction of the service life of asphalt concrete surface constructed with modified asphalt concrete application onto a traffic lane is examined. Asphalt concrete behaviour in road surface under the traffic loads was analysed. There were shown The results of experiments and their mathematical analysis of the assessment of standard and modified cold asphalt concrete fatigue life on road surface were shown. The service life of an asphalt concrete surface covered with standard and modified cold asphalt concrete is examined. The prediction has been received with an account of stress relaxation processes in asphalt concrete pavement and unevenness of traffic load application. УСТАЛОСТНАЯ ДОЛГОВЕЧНОСТЬ МОДИФИЦИРОВАННОГО АСФАЛЬТОБЕТОНА ПРИ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИ ИНТЕНСИВНЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ НАГРУЗОКАннотация. Рассматривается задача прогнозирования срока службы асфальтобетонного покрытия, отремонтированного с применением модифицированного холодного асфальтобетона. Проведён анализ работы асфальтобетона в дорожном покрытии при воздействии транспортных нагрузок. Показаны результаты эксперимента и их математический анализ по оценке усталостной долговечности традиционного и модифицированного холодного асфальтобетона в дорожном покрытии. Определены сроки службы отремонтированных асфальтобетонных покрытий традиционным и модифицированным холодным асфальтобетоном. Прогноз получен на основе учета процессов релаксации напряжений в асфальтобетонном покрытии и неравномерности приложения транспортной нагрузки.

Nature-inspired algorithms have come into use to solve more and more optimization tasks of high dimension when classical optimization algorithms do not apply. The task of user interface usability optimization becomes the one to be solved by nature-inspired algorithms. Usability optimization suggests a choice of interface design out of a large number of variants. At that, there is no common technique to determine the objective function of such optimization that would lead to the invitation of highly qualified specialists to implement it. The chapter presents a new approach of automatic interface usability optimization. The approach is based on the template employment as well as nature-inspired algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA), artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, and charged system search (CSS) algorithm, bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm, and cuckoo search (CS) algorithm that are analyzed in the chapter. The results of the experiments have discovered research prospects and new features of the algorithms' application for the set task.

Redesigning of the whole portal or some of its webpages does not always lead to a positive result despite the designers' expectations. Nowadays the opinion on how to carry out the redesign of web portals varies. A web portal being in service and in a wide use, a sudden change in its design may result in a drop of the number of clients. The usability evaluation has become important to make a decision on what design of webpages to choose. The paper proposes a method to redesign of commercial web-portals which is based on usability evaluation of some webpages. The evaluation can be undertaken by surveying the staff of the business organization where such a web portal is being developed. The hierarchy made of the Choquet integrals aggregates the results of the questionnaire and allows for the interdependencies between individual metrics of usability. Then, a decision about the redesign of a certain webpage is made on the basis of the aggregated results. The described experiment has shown a great impact of this innovative approach.