In outpatients of a memory clinic, care ranks, which define the upper limit of monthly benefit in the Japanese LTCIP, were influenced by age, cognitive function, frailty and living arrangements. Understanding the relationship among these parameters would be useful in predicting the needs of cognitively impaired patients and important when comparing the possible services provided by long-term care systems for them worldwide.

Background/Aims: Dementia cafés are becoming widespread as a new approach to dementia care, but their operational procedures and significance have not been adequately studied. Methods: On-the-job training (OJT) for professionals planning to operate a dementia café in the future was conducted in a pioneering dementia café in Japan. The reports of OJT trainees’ observations and learning were analyzed qualitatively. Results: Reports could be summarized in up to 9 themes: 2 related to the atmosphere and significance of the café, 3 related to the guests, such as people with dementia and their families, and 4 related to the café staff. Discussion: The results of the present study identified the elements that make up dementia cafés and their significance and suggest that dementia cafés could be a new type of community resource for dementia care in the future.

These analyses will contribute to better assessment of AD patients and their caregivers, hopefully resulting in better support for them.

Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor composed of four molecular subgroups. Recent intensive genomics has greatly contributed to our understanding of medulloblastoma pathogenesis. Sequencing studies identified novel mutations involved in the cyclic AMP‐dependent pathway or RNA processing in the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) subgroup, and core‐binding factor subunit alpha (CBFA) complex in the group 4 subgroup. Likewise, single‐cell sequencing provided detailed insights into the cell of origin associated with brain development. In this review, we will summarize recent findings by sequencing analyses for medulloblastoma.

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