This work reveals the analysis outcomes for craniometric and morphometric parameters of the temporomandibular joints and incisal dentofacial segments obtained through studying 157 computer tomograms and lateral skull teleradiographies from people with physiological occlusion of permanent teeth in the first mature age period. Detailed investigation of the spatial arrangement of the craniofacial structures allowed developing, substantiating and testing a method of computer tomograms combination of the mandibular joint and dentofacial segments of the mandibular and maxillary medial incisors with head teleradiographies in the lateral projection. This algorithm allowed increasing the measurements reliability (linear, angular) in the sagittal plane, identifying the degree of complexity and justifying the choice of tactics for the planned treatment, describing the facial skull growth type (horizontal, vertical and neutral), as well as evaluating the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment at all stages.

The research aimed to study the age-gender variability and extreme variants of individual cerebrum mass of Saratov citizens. Material and methods-Cerebrum preparations from 191 dead bodies of adults of 21-90 years were used as a material for the research. The whole material was divided into 4 age groups: the 1 st group-the 1 st adult period and 43 cerebrum preparations (26 male, 17 female); the 2 nd group-the 2 nd adult period-82 preparations (66 male, 16 female); the 3 rd group-the elderly age period-34 preparations (16 male, 18 female); the senium age-32 preparations (16 male and 16 female). The cerebrum was taken apart from the spinal cord at the border with the medulla oblongata and was weighed on analytical balance to within the accuracy of 1.0 g. Results-The cerebrum mass of Saratov adult citizens was 1323.69±19.81 g (M±SD) (without including gender and age groups). For men it was 1371.05±20.39 g, for women-1236.05±32.51 g, i.e. the cerebrum mass of men is more than the women's one in average for 135 g (10.9 %) (Р>0.05). The cerebrum mass decrease is registered at the 2 nd adult period, which becomes more evident at the senium age. Thus the cerebrum mass at the 1 st and the 2 nd adult periods differs authentically from its value at the senium age, and at the 1 st adult period it differs from its value at the elderly age as well (P<0.05). Considerable individual cerebrum mass variability has aroused the necessity to specify the groups of its extreme variables. An average cerebrum mass is at 47.1 % of Saratov citizens. Small, extremely small, and below average cerebrum mass is registered at 25.2 % of Saratov citizens, and large, above average, and extremely large mass-at 13.6 %. Conclusion-Thus the cerebrum mass of Saratov citizens subjected to age-gender variability which lies in the fact that male cerebrum is heavier comparing with female cerebrum, and the cerebrum mass is been decreased from the 2 nd adult period. The described cases of a large cerebrum mass at an elderly age, and of small and extremely small cerebrum mass at the 1 st and 2 nd adult periods, as we think, are connected with the individual variability of subjects' skull forms and volume.

Uneven growth, leading to an abnormal ratio of the upper and lower jaws, underlies the development of various occlusion issues . The respective literature holds it that the dental anomalies variability in different areas ranges from 11% to 90%. The high prevalence of occlusion issues should be attributed primarily to the difficulty associated with their correct and timely diagnostics . The research carried out to identify occlusion anomalies reveal the lack of a decrease trend, which means there are stable mechanisms triggering the development of this pathology, which keep its prevalence at a stable level . Besides, this pathology is complicated with occlusive and musculo-articular disorders .

The temporal operculum is a region of the temporal lobe upper surface, which is bounded at the front by transverse temporal gyri, and from behind – by the end of the lateral cerebral sulcus. Aim of study: to identify the shape and the dimensional features of the temporal operculum in people aged 1–21. Fixed brain preparations (n = 47) were used to measure the depth of the lateral sulcus at the level of the temporal operculum, and the temporal operculum length along its outer edge; the temporal operculum area was calculated as well. The studied material was divided into groups following age periodization: early childhood (n = 8); the first period of childhood (n = 18); the second period of childhood (n = 7); adolescence (n = 5), youthhood (n = 9). The study produced average values for the lateral sulcus depth, the temporal operculum length and area in people aged 1–21. The triangular shape of the temporal operculum has been found to be the most common. The temporal operculum area in early childhood and the first period of childhood, as well as the temporal operculum length in early childhood prevail in the left hemisphere (p <0.05). Viewed from the age aspect, the depth of the lateral sulcus varies less significantly than the length and the area of the temporal operculum. The temporal operculum area correlated more with the operculum length rather than with the depth of the lateral sulcus

estimation of surgiCal treatment effiCienCy for young Children with hip dysplasia based on x-ray anatomiCal data i n t r o d u C t i o n Hip joint (HJ) dysplasia is a set of pathological anatomical and functional anomalies, including poor development of the hip socket (HS), the proximal femur (PF), ligamentous apparatus failure, which is accompanied by a disturbed relationship of the joint parts [1-4]. Joint radiography in young children still remains the only reliable way for diagnosing and identifying the severity of dysplastic changes in the HJ [5, 6], which determines the treatment [7-10]. One of the major objectives for treating HJ dysplasia is the approximation of the joint bone structures relationships to the age norms.