Abstract. Nugroho Y, Soendjoto MA, Suyanto, Matatula J, Alam S, Wirabuana PYAP. 2021. Traditional medicinal plants and their utilization by local communities around Lambung Mangkurat Education Forests, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 306-314. Lambung Mangkurat Education Forests (LMEF) is a unique forest area with high plant diversity, including medicinal plants. This study aimed to document the list of natural medicinal plant species in LMEF and analyze the community perceptions on utilizing them. Exploratory surveys collected data through field observation and interviews with people living in villages around LMEF. The inventory of medicinal plants was conducted by line transect method with 1,000 m long and 20 m wide. Meanwhile, indigenous communities' description of medicinal plant utilization was explored using an interview process on fifty respondents. The results showed that 56 medicinal plant species were naturally distributed in LMEF. Most plants have habitus as trees, wherein local communities commonly use their leaves as traditional medicine. Local people generally applied the extraction process using hot water to obtain the benefit of these plants. Interestingly, more than 70% of respondents prefer traditional medicine to drugs. These findings indicated that the sustainable management of LMEF can support the vital role of forest ecosystems for people's health.

Abstract. Nugroho Y, Suyanto, Makinudin D, Aditia S, Yulimasita DD, Afandi AY, Harahap MM, Matatula J, Wirabuana PYAP. 2022. Vegetation diversity, structure and composition of three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2640-2647. Vegetation communities around coastal ecosystems play important roles in mitigating natural disaster and climate change. However, available information about vegetation communities in coastal areas is still limited despite being a requirement in developing strategies for environmental preservation. Angsana coastal area in South Kalimantan, Indonesia has unique characteristics in which it has three different forest ecosystems, namely heath forest (HF), beach forest (BF), and mangrove forest (MF). This study aimed to identify the vegetation diversity, structure and composition of the three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area. A field survey was conducted using transect line methods with a sampling plot size of 10 × 10 m and an interval of 20 m. Vegetation communities were assessed using species abundance, plant diversity, importance value index (IVI), and similarity level. Results showed that 37 species from 25 families were recorded at the study site. The highest species abundance was observed in HF (22 species), followed by BF (18 species) and MF (7 species). The same trend was found for vegetation diversity, in which HF had the highest richness (Dmg = 4.52), heterogeneity (H' = 2.86), and evenness (J' = 0.94). Hibiscus tiliaceus L. had the highest IVI in BF in all vegetation stages, and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. consistently had the greatest IVI in MF in all stages. Species thet exhibited the highest IVI in HF were Adina minutiflora Valeton (seedlings), Rhodedomia tomentosa and Premna serratifolia L. (saplings), Tristania maingayi Duthie (poles), and Vitex ovata Thunb. (trees). Our study also observed that species abundance in forest ecosystems gradually declined from seedlings to trees, except in MF. Among the three forest types, vegetation composition was highly similar between MF and BF, with a similarity level of 47.1%. Based on these results, this study concluded that the three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area exhibit a highly diverse vegetation structure, and each type of forest has specific characteristics as its entity.

Planning analysis to increase rice production either through intensiḀcation of existing paddy Ḁeld area or ex-tensiḀcation in potential land area was conducted in West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Existing paddy Ḁeld was delineated using high-resolution data from IKONOS imagery of 2012. Land use and land cover outside existing paddy Ḁeld were interpreted using SPOT-5 imagery of 2012. ἀe Automated Land Evaluation System (ALES) was used for land suitability analysis for paddy. ἀe results are interpreted in terms of the potential of paddy Ḁeld intensiḀcation in existing paddy Ḁeld area and the potential of extensiḀcation in land potentially used for paddy Ḁeld. ἀe result of analysis showed that in West Lombok Regency, there are still possible to do intensiḀcation and extensiḀca-tion of paddy Ḁeld to increase rice production in order to improve regional food security.

Abstract. Wirabuana PYAP, Alam S, Matatula J, Harahap MM, Nugroho Y, Idris F, Meinata A, Sekar DA. 2021. The growth, aboveground biomass, crown development, and leaf characteristics of three Eucalyptus species at initial stage of planting in Jepara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2859-2869. Industry development, climate change mitigation and renewable energy currently become the most essential challenge in tropical forest management, primarily in Indonesia. The existence of tropical forests is not only managed to maintain the stability of wood supply for commercial industries but also to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere and to generate energy alternatives from tree biomass. To answer this challenge, the development of fast-growing species like eucalyptus can become a good solution. However, the productivity of eucalyptus depends on its adaptability to the site condition. Therefore, understanding site-species interaction becomes the fundamental requirement before planted on a large scale. This study aimed to evaluate the initial performance of eucalyptus species developed in Jepara. An experiment consisted of three different eucalyptus species, i.e., E. alba, E. pellita, and E. urophylla, was established using a randomized complete block design. Sixteen parameters were selected to assess the eucalyptus performance, including survival, height, diameter, biomass accumulation (stem, branches, foliage, and total aboveground), crown length, crown radius, crown projection area, crown ratio, individual leaf area, individual leaf dry weight, specific leaf area, leaf mass area, and leaf area index. The comparison of the mean of tree attributes from each species was examined using ANOVA, followed by HSD Tukey. Results showed that all measured parameters indicated a significant difference among the three species (p<0.05), except for survival, foliage biomass, and crown ratio (p>0.05). The preliminary performance of E. pellita was relatively better than the other two species, mainly related to height (3.00±0.21 m), total aboveground biomass (49.86±3.60 kg ha-1), crown projection area (2.68±0.27 m2 ), and leaf area index (5.76±0.44). Our study concluded the initial performance of E. pellita in Jepara was substantially superior to E. alba and E. urophylla. Nevertheless, continuous evaluation is needed to monitor the consistent performance of those species in the study area.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of mycorrhizal biofertilizer and shade on the growth of belangeran (Shorea balangeran) seedlings by measuring the height and diameter of the seedling, and calculating the survival percentage of seedlings. The method used was experimental quantitative with a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the level of shade which consisted of without shade, 50% shade and 75% shade. The second factor was mycorrhizae which consisted of without mycorrhizae, 2.5 gr, 5 gr, and 7 grper polybag. The results showed that the shade of 50% and the mycorrhizal dose of 5 gr separately affected very significantly and significantly the height increase of belangeran seedlings, with the average height of 27.073 cm and 25,111 cm, respectively. The interaction of shading and mycorrhizal factors had a significant effect on the increase in diameter of seedlings. The highest increase in the diameter of belangeran seedlings was in the treatment without shade with a dose of 5 g mycorrhizae, which was 0.340 cm. The shade and mycorrhizal doses proved that the survival percentage of seedlings were 100%, while in the treatment without shade and without mycorrhizae it was known from 12 seedlings planted, the number of 10 seedlings or 83% survivedPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengnalisis pengaruh pupuk hayati mikoriza dan naungan terhadap pertumbuhan bibit belangeran (Shorea balangeran) dengan mengukur tinggi dan diameter bibit serta menghitung presentase hidup bibit. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksprerimen dengan rancangan faktorial acak lengkap. Faktor pertama adalah tingkat naungan yang terdiri dari tanpa naungan, naungan 50% dan naungan 75%. Faktor kedua adalah mikoriza yang terdiri dari tanpa mikoriza, 2.5 gr, 5 gr, dan 7 gr er polibek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan naungan sebesar 50% dan dosis mikoriza 5 gr secara terpisah memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata dan nyata terhadap pertambahan tinggi bibit belangeran yaitu berturut-turut dengan rata-rata tinggi 27,073 cm dan 25.111 cm. Interaksi faktor naungan dan mikoriza berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan diameter bibit belangeran. Pertambahan diameter bibit belangeran tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan tanpa naungan dengan dosis mikoriza 5 g yaitu sebesar 0,340 cm, dan naungan dan dosis mikoriza membuktikan presentase hidup bibit adalah sebesar 100%, sedangkan pada perlakuan tanpa naungan dan tanpa mikoriza diketahui dari 12 bibit, yang berhasil bertahan hidup yaitu berjumlah 10 bibit atau 83% yang hidup