Abstrak - Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji hubungan tingkat pendapatan dengan jam kerja  dan mengetahui pengaruh  umur, masa kerja dan jumlah tanggungan keluarga terhadap jam kerja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey , objek dalam penelitian ini pedagang sayur keliling dengan jumlah sampel 60 orang. Teknik analisis data tabulasi silang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa jam kerja memiliki hubungan positif signifikan dengan pendapatan kotor dan pendapatan bersih pedagang sayur keliling. Kemudian diperoleh pula bahwa usia, masa kerja dan tanggungan keluarga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jam kerja pedagang sayur keliling. Saran yang peneliti berikan antara lain sebaiknya pedagang sayur keliling dapat memanfaatkan waktu kerja seefektif mungkin, perlunya Pemerintah Daerah Kota Bogor mengambil kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan kesejahteraan pedagang sayur keliling dan perlunya melakukan penelitian yang lebih mendalam lagi tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan dan jam kerja. Abstract - The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the level of income and the hours of traveling vegetable traders and the influence of age, years of service and the number of family dependents on the hours of traveling vegetable traders. The research method used was a survey method with cross tabulation data analysis techniques. Based on the results of the study found that working hours have a significant positive relationship with gross income and net income of traveling vegetable traders. Then it was also found that age, years of service and family dependents significantly affected the hours of the traveling vegetable traders. Suggestions given by researchers include among others that itinerant vegetable traders can utilize work time as effectively as possible, the need for the Bogor City Government to adopt policies related to improving the welfare of mobile vegetable traders and the need to conduct more in-depth research on the factors that affect income and working hours.

A very high jobless people in the city has created an informal sector. This informal sector has become an alternative way for them to find a job. It has happened since it is very relatively easy joining or leaving this informal sector as there is not any particular regulation required. This research aims to study the contribution of street stalls upon the multiplier output, revenue, employment and forward-backward linkage over the economy. Method of analysis has been using input-output analysis and the research location has taken place in Bogor. The result of the research has indicated that the availability of the street stalls in the city cannot be considered as a marginal sector as they have been contributing positively the city economy either in the multiplier analysis or forward-backward linkage. Organizing and registering the street stalls in Bogor should have to be executed properly and periodically in order to find out their economical potential, making sure that they will not jeopardize the landscape of public facility. However, a particular association should have to be established in order to ease the supervision of the street stalls and to improve their quality accordingly.Keyword : Street stalls, informal sector, output, revenue, manpowerABSTRAKTingginya tingkat pengangguran perkotaan menumbuhkan sektor informal. Pedagang kaki lima merupakan salah satu sektor informal menjadi alternatif bagi mereka yang tidak mendapatkan pekerjaan disebabkan mudahnya untuk masuk dan keluar di sektor informal relatif mudah karena tidak ada aturan secara khusus yang mensyaratkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi pedagang kaki lima terhadap multiplier output, pendapatan, penyerapan tenaga kerja dan forward-backward linkage terhadap perekonomian. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis input-output dan lokasi penelitian di Kota Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukan keberadaan pedagang kaki lima perkotaan tidak dapat dipandang sebagai sektor yang marginal, pedagang kaki lima memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perekonomian perkotaan baik dalam analisis multiplier dan analisis forward-backward linkage. Penataan dan pendataan pedagang kaki lima di Kota Bogor perlu dilakukan secara periodik agar dapat diketahui potensi ekonomi, tidak mengganggu landscap dan peruntukan fasilitas umum kota. Perlunya pembentukan assosiasi agar dapat lebih mudah dalam pengawasan dan upaya peningkatan kualitas pedagang kaki lima.Kata Kunci : Pedagang Kaki Lima, Sektor Informal, Output, Pendapatan, Tenaga Kerja

The achievement of economic activities in a country is measured by the economic development which is the projection of an increasing output as well as the increasing of the revenue to the owner of the production factors. Either Local Investment contribution or Foreign Investment has been an important role to reach the economic development, in order to reach it, the estimation of investment requirement either local investment or foreign one has to be done. This research aims to find out the connection between invesment and economic development, the investment projection model, and the total amount of invesment for the economic development. The research method has applied an explanatory method. The connection between economic development and investment can be analyzed by Capital Output Ratio (COR) concept. Having had the different perspectives of time, it has caused that mostly COR on average has been applied only to measure the productivity of the investment activities at a certain year, however, MCOR is used as the tool to predict the future investment’s requirement and the economic development.Key words: investment, economic development, capital output ratio

The way to improve the authentic revenue of a district is to study its’ potential which can be used asthe future financing of the development. The research methode being used is associative descriptive.As a matter of fact, based on the result of the research, it has discovered that the contribution ofdistrict’s tax on the district’s authentic revenue has been bigger on average than the other contributionof district revenues. Hotel and restaurant taxation, district taxation simultaneously have affected thedistrict authentic revenue. Moreover, the revenue received from the taxation of hotel and restaurant,entertainment events, adverstisement, raod lighting which partially have affected the district authenticrevenue accordingly. Suggestions offered are that the authority should have to perform more extensiveeffort on the potential district tax and to improve the awareness of the society to respect the taxobligation by giving them more training and performing more supervision of it as well as providingsuch the system of taxatation collection which is more effective.

The study was based on the issue of managers in setting budgets often the difference (variance) is quite large and aims to demonstrate empirically the direct and indirect effects of budgetary participation and information asymmetry partially on budgetary slack. The analytical method used is path analysis with the participation of the budget, the asymmetry of information and organizational commitment as exogenous and endogenous budgetary slack variables. The sample used in this study as many as 78 people functional managers who have a tenure of more than five years, so hopefully they have experience in budgeting.The survey results revealed that the budgetary participation has positive effect directly against budgetary slack, the information asymmetry positive effect directly against budgetary slack, budgetary participation negatively impact directly on organizational commitment, the information asymmetry negative effect directly on organizational commitment, organizational commitment negatively affect directly to the budgetary slack, budgetary participation indirect positive effect on budgetary slack through organizational commitment, the information asymmetry indirect positive effect on budgetary slack through organizational commitment and it is known that the model in the study track is fit.