A new compound composed of Nd, Fe, and a small quantity of B about 1 weight has been found, which has a tetragonal structure with lattice constants a = 0.880 nm and c = 1.221 nm. This phase, which has the approximate composition, 12 atom Nd, 6 atom B and balance Fe, possesses remarkable magnetic proper ties. From the approach to saturation an anisotropy con stant of about 3.5 MJ/m 3 can be calculated, while satura tion magnetization amounts to 1.35 T. The magnetiza tion versus temperature curve shows a Curie tempera ture of 585 K, which is much higher than those of the Fe and light rare earth binary compounds. Based on the new compound, sintered permanent magnets have been developed which have a record high energy product. Permanent magnet properties and physical properties of a typical specimen which has the composition Nd15B8Fe are as follows: Br = 1.23 T, HcB = 880 kA/m, HcI = 960 kA/ m, BH max = 290 kJ/m 3 , temperature coe cient of Br = 1260 ppm/K, density = 7.4 Mg/m 3 , specific resistivity = 1.4 μ m, Vickers hardness = 600, flexual strength = 250 MPa.

Arabidopsis Landsberg erecta is one of the most popular ecotypes and is used widely for both molecular and genetic studies. It harbors the erecta (er) mutation, which confers a compact inflorescence, blunt fruits, and short petioles. We have identified five er mutant alleles from ecotypes Columbia and Wassilewskija. Phenotypic characterization of the mutant alleles suggests a role for the ER gene in regulating the shape of organs originating from the shoot apical meristem. We cloned the ER gene, and here, we report that it encodes a putative receptor protein kinases. The deduced ER protein contains a cytoplasmic protein kinase catalytic domain, a transmembrane region, and an extracellular domain consisting of leucine-rich repeats, which are thought to interact with other macromolecules. Our results suggest that cell-cell communication mediated by a receptor kinase has an important role in plant morphogenesis.

Arabidopsis Landsberg erecta is one of the most popular ecotypes and is used widely for both molecular and genetic studies. It harbors the erecta (er) mutation, which confers a compact inflorescence, blunt fruits, and short petioles. We have identified five er mutant alleles from ecotypes Columbia and Wassilewskija. Phenotypic characterization of the mutant alleles suggests a role for the ER gene in regulating the shape of organs orlginating f" the shoot apical meristem. We cloned the ER gene, and here, we report that it encades a putative receptor protein klnase. The deduced ER protein contains a cytoplasmic protein kinase catalytic domain, a transmembrane region, and an extracellular domain consisting of leucine-rich repeats, which are thought to interact with other macromolecules. Our results suggest that cell-cell communication mediated by a receptor kinase has an important role in plant morphogenesis.

Electronic structures and magnetism of diluted magnetic semiconductors Sn1−xGdxTe: A density functional theory study J. Appl. Phys. 112, 083720 (2012) Model GW study of the late transition metal monoxides J. Chem. Phys. 137, 154110 (2012) High-temperature thermoelectric properties of the double-perovskite ruthenium oxide (Sr1−xLax)2ErRuO6 J. Appl. Phys. 112, 073714 (2012) Thermoelectric effect in a graphene sheet connected to ferromagnetic leads J. Appl. Phys. 112, 073712 (2012) Optoelectronic and magnetic properties of Mn-doped indium tin oxide: A first-principles studyThe temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization and the magnetocrysta11ine anisotropy field have been measured on single-crystal samples of the R 2 Fe l4 B compounds for R = Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Br, and Tm from 4.2 K to the magnetic ordering temperatures. A spin reorientation transition of the Nd 2 Fe l4 B type has been found in H0 2 Fe l4 B at 57.6 K in zero field. Another type of spin reorientation caused by anisotropy compensation between the Fe and the R sublattices exists in Er 2 Fe 14 B and Tm 2 Fe I4 B. The temperature dependence of the angle of the easy direction of magnetization from the c axis has been measured for R = Nd, Ho, Er, and Tm. The relation between the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the sublattice magnetization is investigated by employing a simplified two-sublattice molecular field model.

Structural and metallographic studies were carried out on the Nd Fe B alloy system as well as the Nd Fe B tetragonal compound on which record high energy mag nets have been developed using a powder metallurgical technique. The study on the new magnet has also been extended to other R Fe B compounds containing various rare earths R and to R Fe Co B alloys. The results are as follows:1 The sintered Nd Fe B magnet is composed of mainly three phases, the Nd2Fe14B matrix phase plus Nd rich phase and B rich phase ~Nd2Fe7B6 as minor phases.2 Nd2Fe14B has the space group of P42/mnm. The crystal structure of this phase can be described as a layer structure with alternate stacking se quence of a Nd rich layer and a sheet formed only by Fe atoms. The sheet of Fe atoms has a structure similar to the phase found in Fe Cr and Fe Mo systems.3 The Nd rich phase containing more than 95 atoms Nd, 3~5 atoms Fe and a trace of B has fcc structure with a = 0.52 nm. This phase is formed around grain boundaries of the matrix phase. Nd2Fe7B6 phase has an one dimensional incommensurate structure with a = ao and c 8co, based on a tetragonal structure with ao = 0.716 nm and co = 0.391 nm.4 In the as sintered Nd15Fe77B8 alloy periodic strain contrasts are observed along grain boundaries, which disappear after annealing at 870 K. This may be related to the enhancement of the intrinsic coercivity of the sintered mag net by post sintering heat treatment.5 Stable R2Fe14B phases are formed by various rare earths except La. Of all the R2Fe14B com pounds, Nd2Fe14B has the maximum saturation magnetization as high as 1.57 T. Dy and Tb form R2Fe14B phases with the highest anisotropies. Small additions of these elements greatly en hance the coercive force of the Nd2Fe14B base magnet.6 Partial replacement of Fe by Co raises the Curie temperature of the Nd2Fe14B compound, which improves the temperature coe cient of the remanence of the magnet. But the intrinsic co ercive force is decreased by the Co addition.