Background: Mastitis is one of the most economically important diseases of dairy animals causing heavy losses in terms of fall in milk production, decreased milk quality and additional costs for veterinary services. Mastitis is caused by a wide variety of microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, yeast and mycoplasma, of which bacteria are the most frequently isolated pathogens. Microbiological testing is necessary for identification of cause of mastitis and adaptation of control measures to prevent the disease. The aim of the presnt study was to isolate and identify major mastitis causing bacteria from clinical mastitic cases presented to Veterinary Clinical complex, FVSc. and AH, Shuhama Kashmir for treatment. Methods: A total of 200 bovine milk samples from CMT confirmed clinical mastitis cases were collected and cultured on Nutrient agar, Blood agar, Mac-Conkey agar, Eosine Methylene Blue (EMB) agar, Mannitol salt agar and Edwards media for bacterial isolation. The isolates were then subjected to biochemical tests for identification. Result: Upon microbiological testing and biochemical confirmation, the major mastitis causing bacteria isolated from clinical cases of Bovine mastitis were Staphylococcus Spp. showing highest prevalence of 46.4% followed by mixed infection with Staphylococcus and Streptococcus (20.8%), Streptococci Spp. (18.4%) and Escherichia coli (14.4%).

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:The incidence of FMD was studied at the polyclinics of SKUAST Kashmir during 1997-2002. A total of 10870 cases were presented at the polyclinics during the reported period. 570 cases were affected with the disease i.e. 5.24 per cent cases of FMD were present. Lowest incidence was recorded during the year 1998-99 (0.58%) while highest incidence of 19.6 per cent was recorded in the year 2000-01. Season wise highest incidence was reported during summer and species wise cattle were found to be highly susceptible.

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The objective of present study was to explore the effect of feedlotting on growth parameters of crossbred lambs in temperate climate. The term "feedlotting" is basically a management practice in which frequent efforts are made by lamb producers to accomplish an unfailing supply of lamb that encounters weight and fat score as per market specifications A total of 10 crossbred lambs (around one year of age) were randomly divided in two equal groups viz. Control (CON) and treatment (FL) with 5 replicates in each group. In CON group the experimental lambs were fed by thumb rule method and FL group was fed under feedlot. To estimate the growth parameters fortnightly, a growth trial of 74 days (including 14 days adaptation) was conducted. At the end of experiment a metabolic trail of 7-days was conducted. The study indicated non-significant difference in terms of DMI, OMI, gain in body weight, ADG, FCR, digestibility coefficients of different nutrients, intake of nutrients (DDMI and TDNI), except DCPI (g/d) which differ significantly showing better results in FL group. Thus, it can be concluded from the present experiment that feedlotting had no contrary influence on the performance of crossbred lambs and can be successfully reared in feedlots under temperate climatic conditions.