Evolution between animals causes many changes so that it can adapt to its environments. Each species has unique features that help them survive and can consume different types of food. Sheep and rabbits are economically important animals and used in many aspects of veterinary medicine.This study aimed to compare the histomorphometric and histochemical features of the esophagus of twenty sheep (n = 10) and rabbit (n = 10) adult males. The samples were collected from slaughterhouse and market Misan and were used for histological studies of two types of stains, hematoxylin and eosin, and special stains (Periodic acid Schiff stains). Histological study showed differences in the type epithelium of mucosa lining the esophagus between sheep and rabbits. The epithelium lining was composed of a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium in sheep while in rabbit was composed of a non-keratinized stratified squamous. In both animals, the submucosa layer does not possess glands. The muscular layer of both was composed of striated muscle in the cervical, thoracic, and abdomen parts of the esophagus. Both animals contained an outer layer of loose connective tissue called the adventitia. All layers in sheep showed more thickness than in rabbits. The histochemical study showed that the reaction to Periodic acid Schiff stain was similar between the animals and in different places. Only stratum corneum cells of the sheep mucosa and squamous cells of the rabbit mucosa demonstrated a strong reaction to this stain. In contrast, the rest of the cells of the mucosa and muscular layers were moderate reactions with Periodic acid Schiff stain in all regions sheep and rabbit esophagus. Submucosa and adventitia showed weakly reaction with Periodic acid Schiff's stain in both animals. In conclusion, this study showed that sheep and rabbits have similarities and differences in the esophagus; that is, the layers of this organ has different thicknesses and respond differently to Periodic acid Schiff stain.

Agroforestry helpful for maintaining the environmental a balance between soil and degradation of hazardous chemicals. Different ecological factors also playing important role in agricultural forestry. Agroforestry has multidimensional approaches for growing the new varieties of plants, cross breeding, and genetic exchange by developing the new varieties of trees. Agroforestry also playing important role in recycling of waste water through efficient treatment water plants. Cacao agroforestry systems are wieldy important in order to grow the specific number of pants growing the different varieties. Consuming of cacao at the optimum level can help with issues such as depression, stress, blood pressure and heart health. Sometimes, nature of soils able to regenerate into new trees. Poorly drained soils, excessive water or insufficient moisture can cause stunted growth and plant decline. Agroforestry strategies such as taungya system and silvopastoral system are reliable for growing the trees. Biofuel for large production of energy in industrials and commercial level by conserving the sustainable development.

Nepalese Journal of ENT Head and Neck Surgery Vol.2 No.1 Issue 1 (Jan-Jun 2011) 27-28 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njenthns.v2i1.6783

Spindle cell variant of Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor in adults but even more so in tongue. We report a case of a 17 year old boy who presented with a polypoidal swelling on the tip of the tongue. The mass was excised and the specimen was sent to the Histopathology Department of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology for Histomorphological diagnosis. The histological evaluation showed a malignant spindle cell tumor. On the basis of morphological features and immunohistochemistry findings a final diagnosis of Rhabdomyosarcoma, Spindle cell variant was made. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-7,No-4, 63-66 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i4.6814