Pressing is the most common method of fruit juice acquisition. Not all apple cultivars are suitable for juice pressing. The use of suitable fruit cultivars for juice pressing may reduce the cost of pressing and at the same time guarantee high quality of the juice produced. The scope of the study comprised the determination of pressing efficiency and of the quality parameters of apple juice obtained, such as acidity and the content of extract. The results of the study indicate that the efficiency of pressing and the quality of the juice obtained are significantly affected by the varietal traits of the apples. The choice of suitable cultivars allows to achieve a high pressing efficiency and to obtain juice characterised by a high content of extract and high acidity.

Wheat is generally used for a food after converting grain components into different degrees of flour. The perfect milling operation needs to get enough knowledge about kernel mechanical properties and mainly hardness, to estimate correctly its effect on grinding performance. This study determined the influence of wheat hardness on milling energy and efficiency. The results showed great effect of wheat hardness on milling performance. The lowest values of specific energy were recorded in the case of cultivar Katoda. This cultivar is characterised by the lowest value of hardness index. The study indicates that, it is possible to select cultivars with low specific energy and high efficiency during milling, which in effect will cause a reduction of production costs.