Introduction: Acute glomerulonephritis includes renal diseases in which immunologic mechanism triggers inflammation and proliferation of glomerular tissue that can result in damage to the basement membrane, proliferation of mesangium, capillary endothelium. Objectives: The objective of this study is to know the clinical profile and immediate outcome of acute glomerulonephritis in hospitalized children. Material & Methods: The study was done in Chittagong Medical College Hospital Pediatric Unit during the period of June 2007 to February 2008. All patients admitted with AGN, with or without complications were included in this study. Diagnostic criteria were scanty urine (infrequent and less than normal in amount as stated by the parents), swelling, high colored urine with or without albuminuria, no past history of similar attack and microscopic or naked eye haematuria. Criteria of discharge from the hospital were absence of puffiness and oedema, adequate urine formation, absence of heart failure and hypertensive encephalopathy. These were taken as clinical recovery. No long-term follow up was done. Results: Seventy-eight cases of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) in children under 12 years of age were studied. Male to female ration 3:2. Scanty urine (84.0%), puffy face (88.5%) h, haematuria (80.0%), hypertension (82.5%), heart failure (11.5%) convulsion (14%) anuria (3.8%), RBC (92.3%), RBC cast (41%), albumin one (+) (52.6%) two + (14.1%) three + (14.1%), raised s. creatinine was (25.6%), blood urea (26.9%). Four patients were died. Among them three was due to hypertension and heart failure. One due to the development of acute renal failure. History of skin infection like scabies was present in 61.4% patient. Conclusion: Skin infection is the commonest cause of acute glomerulonephritis. Nephritic presentation (scanty urine oedema, haematuria, hypertension and heart failure) was the commonest mode of presentation. Immediate prognosis was excellent-Long term follow up is recommended.

BackgroundBangladesh is declared as Digital Bangladesh however medical students are least acquainted with the necessary ICT knowledge in the context of medical education. We have conducted a survey to know about Digital Equipment Ownership, therefore, carried out a self-reported assessment of knowledge and Utilization of ICT in relation to educational and clinical development.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional, multi-centered questionnaire survey was conducted among the medical students during the period of October 2019.Result & DiscussionsIn total 467 medical students responded to the questionnaire in which 92% of the students owned a Google android smart phone and accessed the internet on their devices. 69% student has (1-5) medical related apps in their device and drug formulary apps most commonly used 43%. 59% of students have gained their present computer knowledge by via self-learning. For study work with fellow student, 90% student preferred Facebook group, Whats app and Viber. While there was a range of variation in the usage of non-academic search engines 72% Google and no usages were found for more dedicated academic services such as PubMed and Medscape. According to 74% of students, inadequate integration of ICT knowledge into their syllabus culminated in insufficient future professional skills. All students were keen for a Basic ICT learning program at the beginning of their medical courses.ConclusionThe study revealed that to prepare medical students for using ICT in their academic work adequately, introducing ICT training at the initial stage of the undergraduate program and designing the curriculum to develop a multiplicity of skills is essential in addition to an integrated teaching method.

DOI: 10.3329/jcmcta.v20i1.4937 Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association 2009: 20(1):53-57

Background: To assess the effectiveness of nonfluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injection of local anesthetic with steroid in patients with disc herniation and moderate spinal canal stenosis. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from1.7.2017 to 30.6.2018. Thirty patients were diagnosed as PLID with moderate spinal canal stenosis clinically as well as confirmed by MRI lumbosacral spine to patients received 2 weeks traditional physiotherapy but improvement was not satisfactory. Neurosurgery consultation was taken, but patient refused to do operation. After taking written consent, Injection Triamcinolone acetonide 80 mg was given each patient through caudal epidural route. Patients were assessed on three parameters (VAS, SLR, Walking distance) before intervention and following injection at 1st,4th,12th week follow up. Results: There was obvious improvement found following intervention in all three parameters and all of these were statistically highly significant up to 12thweek follow up. Conclusion: Nonfluoroscopically guided caudal epidural injection of local anesthetic with steroid in patients with disc herniation and moderate spinal canal stenosismay be an effective treatment and may be tried before surgery Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (2); July 2019; Page 41-44

Pharmacogenetics is one of the key factors that is responsible for biological signaling variations that can lead to various diseases. Being led by genetic mutations, breast cancer is affected at higher level due to pharmacogenetic variations. Chemotherapeutic drug is mainly bio transformed in the liver by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme. CY450 isoforms and polymorphisms direct inter individual and interethnic variability in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. This further leads to alteration in cancer prognosis. This paper discusses clinically used drugs in breast cancer treatment where interethnic differences in drug safety and efficacy are known to exist. Best known anticancer drug for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer is Tamoxifen and its efficacy depends predominantly on genetic variants of CYP2D6. Other polymorphisms of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and sulfotransferase1A1 (SULT1A1) also provide important information about mechanism of tamoxifen activity and resistance. Many chemotherapeutics like anthracyclines have also showed association with polymorphism of genes (CBR3, ABCB1, glutathione-related transporter genes, oxidative stress-related genes) and clinical outcomes. Many chemotherapeutic drug including taxanes, gemcitabine, capecitabine/5-fluorouracil, vinorelbine, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide are being studies for the association of genetic variations with their bioactivity.