Dear Editor, Skin tags/acrochorda are very common fibrous skin lesions that are usually skin-colored, have a folded surface and often a stalk, and range in size from several millimeters to, rarely, many centimeters. 1 Herein, we report a pregnant 32-year-old woman (gravida four, para three) at the 32nd week of gestation and who had a giant skin tag on the left labium majus which grew rapidly during pregnancy.The patient presented at the outpatient clinic due to a soft, bleeding, pedunculated mass (17 cm 9 10 cm 9 4 cm) over the left labium majus that had appeared 20 months previously ( Fig. 1). It had grown rapidly during her pregnancy. Her systemic examination and hematological laboratory tests were normal. An excisional biopsy was taken. Histopathological examination revealed large and small vessels on the subepithelial stroma of the polyp covered with surface-stratified squamous epithelium.The most frequent locations of skin tags are the neck and the axillae, but any skin fold, including the groin and submammary regions, may be affected. Less commonly, they can appear on the penis or labium majus. 2,3 The only differential diagnoses are a flesh-colored dermal nevus and neurofibromatosis. Unless irritated or infarcted, skin tags are more of a cosmetic issue than a clinical concern and can easily be removed by excision, electrodessication or cryosurgery. 1 Skin tags are suggested to be associated with obesity, some endocrine diseases, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, genetic predisposition, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders. Pregnancy is also a risk factor. Hormonal changes may affect the development of the acrochordon. Pregnancy hormones can suddenly affect blood vessel tone. During pregnancy, the small blood vessels and capillaries multiply, and most blood vessels enlarge to accommodate a larger blood volume. Therefore, the observed changes are related to this effect. For instance, relaxin 2 is a polypeptide hormone structurally related to insulin and insulin-like growth factors. The characteristic functions of relaxin are associated with the female reproductive system, especially during pregnancy. Recent studies have shown that polypeptides of the relaxin-like factor family are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis. 4 Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a molecule involved in the physiology and pathophysiology of pregnancy. VEGF belongs to a family of growth factors controlling angiogenesis and endothelial cell permeability. 5 There are a few case reports of giant skin tags on the labium majus. 2,3 Canalizo et al. 2 reported two cases with giant skin tags on the labium major. Ghosh et al. 3 reported a case series of four patients with giant skin tags, one of whom was a 28-year-old pregnant woman with a pedunculated mass measuring 3 cm 9 2.5 cm in her left nipple which was present for 6 years but grew rapidly during pregnancy.To the best of our knowledge, there are few reports of this condition with lesions of the size reported here 3 and there h...
Abnormal bleeding after treatment with an SSRI should be kept in mind, and alternative non-SSRI drugs of choice in such cases would be more appropriate. More extensive and comprehensive studies focusing on hemostasis and bleeding disorders are needed for SSRIs such as sertraline.
Hair is composed of a mixture of trace elements in small quantities, proteins, lipids and water. Proteins consist of helical polypeptide amino acid molecules. In the hair cells; polypeptide chains of keratin protein would be organized in filaments. In recent years, hair cosmetics showed a significant change and development. The content of shampoos which is used to cleanse the hair has enhanced significantly. Hair conditioner, hair styling products, pomades, brilliantine, and gloss sprays, hair protective products, camouflage products are most commonly used hair cosmetics. Hair shaping procedures are frequently applied.
| http://medcraveonline.com a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma, seborrheic keratosis or epidermal cyst. 2 Here we share 57 years old male patient has lesions bilaterally on both external auditory canals. Taken histopathology is diagnosed as Trichoadenoma. Case presentation 57-year-old male patient complaining with hearing loss refers to the Ear Nose Throat (ENT) clinic. In his ENT examination it wasn't found any pathology and nodular lesions were seen in his external auditory meatus. He described he has these lesions approximately one year. The hearing loss of the patient was thought to be related to the obstruction of the lesions in the external auditory canals. ENT clinic referred to patient to dermatology department.
Perioral and periorbital areas are important and attractive regions in facial aesthetics. Applications performed in these areas should be done with materials suitable for the anatomy of the region and in appropriate figures. The management of complications is important; therefore such procedures must be carried out by experts, who have essential knowledge about the subject. In this study, we present a review of applications with minimal invasive procedures.
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