In this work, three samples of thin films were prepared from semiconducting nanomaterials by the chemical bath method, where a thin film of lead sulfide PbS, Cadmium zinc sulfide CdZnS and PbS/CdZnS was prepared. The optical properties and surface formation of the bilayer film were studied and investigated by scanning electron microscope and UV–Visible spectrometer. It was observed through the scanning microscope image that the surface of the thin film is composed of CdZnS material in the form of nanowalls that cover the PbS nanoparticles completely, forming a core–shell structure. The transmittance and absorption spectra of the prepared films, as well as the direct and indirect energy gaps, were measured. It was observed that there is a shift in the absorption and transmission spectra of the PbS film after coating it with CdZnS layer. The magnitudes of the direct and indirect energy gaps of the bilayer film are 1.8[Formula: see text]eV and 1.5[Formula: see text]eV, respectively.

A novel polymeric nanocomposite pour point depressant (PPD), based on Nickel Ferrite and (Polymethyl methacrylate -PMMA) polymer was synthesized and characterized. In this research the sample prepared in tow steps, the first step included prepared the sample to be ablated by using mixing kneading method formed as a Circular tablet contain Nickel Ferrite/PMMA. Then the sample ablated by using Nd:YAG laser with (1064 nm) wavelength,(600 mJ) energy,(6Hz) frequency and (100 pulses) for the tow sample which immersed in dilute Crude Oil (obtained from the Rumaila Oil Field in Southern Iraq). The optical properties of samples showed that the same behaviour but with blue shifting. The rheological properties showed that the viscosity increased as the polymer increased in samples uneven stability in the value of viscosity of the sample has low polymer ratio. The density almost doubled with same ablations' pulses.

In the present-day decade, the world has regarded an expansion in the use of non-linear loads. These a lot draw harmonic non-sinusoidal currents and voltages in the connection factor with the utility and distribute them with the useful resource of the overall performance of it. The propagation of these currents and voltages into the grids have an effect on the electricity constructions in addition to the one of various client equipment. As a result, the electrical strength notable has come to be critical trouble for each client and distributor of electrical power. Active electrical electricity filters have been proposed as environment splendid gear for electrical power pinnacle notch enchantment and reactive electrical strength compensation. Active Power Filters (APFs) have Flipped out to be a possible wish in mitigating the harmonics and reactive electrical electricity compensation in single-phase and three-phase AC electrical energy networks with Non-Linear Loads (NLLs). Conventionally, this paper applied Ant Colony Algorithm(ACO) for tuning PI and reduce Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The result show reduces THD at 2.33%.

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