Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan penguasaan konsep biologi dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X pada penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation dan model pembelajaran guided inquiry di MAN 1 Praya tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Desain penelitian ini adalah pre-test and post-test non equivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas X MAN 1 Praya tahun ajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 247siswa. Pengambilan  sampel  dilakukan  dengan   Purposive Sampling sehingga didapatkan kelas X MIPA-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 dan kelas X MIPA-4 sebagai kelas eksperimen 2. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data yaitu tes penguasaan konsep berupa soal pilihan ganda dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis berupa soal essay. Data hasil tes penguasaan konsep biologi dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dianalisis menggunakan uji-t pada taraf  kepercayaan  95 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan penguasaan konsep biologi dan  kemampuan berpikir kritis  siswa  kelas  X  pada  penerapan  model  pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation  dan model pembelajaran guided inquiry di MAN 1 Praya tahun ajaran 2016/2017.

Diabetes mellitus is a type of chronic disease that is non-transmitted. Aceh province is the province with the seventh-highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia at 2.4%. People with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at risk of various complications and can cause death. Self-management of diabetes is one of the things that can be done by people with diabetes mellitus in controlling various complications. This study aimed to find out the relationship between diabetes self-management and blood glucose control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ulee Kareng Subdistrict, Banda Aceh. This type of sampling method in this research was cross-sectional with the number of samples in this study as many as 88 respondents. The study was conducted using the DSMQ questionnaire filling method to assess diabetes self-management level and blood glucose level value when respondents assess blood glucose control. The results of the study obtained are 30.7% of respondents have a good level of diabetes self- management, 44.3% enough, and 25% bad. As for blood glucose control, 65.9% of respondents had uncontrolled blood glucose levels, and 34.1% controlled. The results of the chi-square test obtained a p-value of 0.000 and the spearman correlation test obtained a p-value of 0.000, as well as a correlation coefficient of 0.492. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between moderate and unidirectional levels between diabetes self-management and blood glucose control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ulee Kareng Subdistrict, Banda Aceh.

Abstract. Suhartono S, Ismail YS, Aini Z. 2021. Distribution of multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. recovered from aquatic environment of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 881-886. The occurrence of pathogenic bacteria in an aquatic system might increase waterborne infections including salmonellosis. This might raise a concern related to the increasing pathogenic bacteria, including the multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. in the two major rivers, namely Lamnyong and Krueng Aceh crossing the city of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The objectives of the present study were to isolate and enumerate Salmonella spp. recovered from aquatic environment in Banda Aceh and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. Bacterial enumeration was performed using most probable number (MPN) method followed by bacterial isolations using selective media Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SSA); whereas, antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted using a procedure as recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. There was no significant Salmonella spp. densities/mL of both locations (p = 0.200) although, on average there was about 441.67 Salmonella spp. MPN/mL in Krueng Aceh as opposed to 20.47 MPN/mL of Lamnyong river. There were 57 Salmonella spp. isolates recovered in the sampling sites, i.e. 38 isolates of Lamnyong and 19 isolates of Krueng Aceh. The results of antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that Salmonella spp. isolates recovered from Lamnyong and Krueng Aceh showed antibiotic resistance to azithromycin, tetracycline, and streptomycin. Moreover, Salmonella spp. isolates also showed high resistance to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, dan ceftriaxone. All Salmonella spp. isolates were classified as MDR with the number of isolates resistant to 4-6 antibiotics was 33 (57.9%), whereas those that were resistant to 7-9 antibiotics and over 10 antibiotics were 23 (40.4%%) and 5 (8.8%) respectively. The prevalence of MDR Salmonella spp. in the current study suggest that river remain the major reservoirs for the transmission of the pathogen in aquatic systems. An appropriate assessment and monitoring are necessary to reduce the potential health risks and to ensure water quality in the aquatic environment.

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Background: Diphtheria is a widespread severe infectious disease that has the potential for epidemics. It was one of the leading causes of childhood death in the prevaccine era. Surveillance data can be used to monitor levels of coverage (target >90%) and disease as a measure of the impact of control programmes. Recent epidemics have highlighted the need for adequate surveillance and epidemic preparedness. This study aimed to examine the optimization of surveillance and laboratory technicians in diphtheria outbreak control in Banda Aceh, Aceh. Subjects and Method: A qualitative study was carried out at 5 community health centers in Banda Aceh, Aceh. The theme of this study was the optimization of surveillance and laboratory technician in diphtheria outbreak control in Banda Aceh, Aceh. The data were collected by in-depth interview. The data obtained were then verified at the city health office in Banda Aceh. Results: There was a lack of surveillance and laboratory personnel in Banda Aceh. Each community health center had only 1 surveillance person. No community health center had trained laboratory staff to collect diphtheria specimen. Banda Aceh city health office had only 1 trained laboratory technician. The lack of personnel hampered diphtheria control management. Conclusion:There is a lack of surveillance and laboratory personnel in Banda Aceh. The lack of personnel hampers diphtheria control management.