Among the endocrine malignancies, thyroid cancer is the most commonly occurring and increasing around the globe. Inspite of prognosis, about 5-10% people become victim of differentiated thyroid cancer. Cancer is basically uncontrolled division of cells. These rapidly developing cells become toxic for the body of patient once they start travelling from place to another because in such situation the early diagnosis even does not benefit while in case of localized cancer, chances of survival increase. In thyroid cancer, patient becomes aggressive abruptly with developing metastasis. In case of gene mutations, every patient got a different mutated gene from other against which several medicines have been under consideration. This review has been put together to overview the disease, its etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment methods.