Technological development is one of the indicators of a country's competitiveness, indicating the presence of advanced research and innovation. This paper discusses the technological development of the country, from the point of view of the infrastructural elements of the national innovation system. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of development of the technological basis of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For the evaluation were used quantitative and qualitative methods, and cluster analysis. The results of the study revealed the main barriers to technological development, such as the low level of maturity of the technological infrastructure and institutional environment. Suggestions and conclusions can be used by stakeholders from the business environment, as well as organizations representing the country's national innovation system.