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Paper stresses the negative influence of cars on the environment. Hybrid cars technology can diminish the fuel consumption and green house gases production. Different types of electric hybrid powertrains are described Special attention is paid to electric power splitting. Comparison of fuel consumption and CO 2 production of one hybrid car and one classic car on European driving cycle is published.

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Paper deals with automotive hybrid and power splitting drives. The system used for laboratory experiments at Czech Technical University in the Josef Bozek Research Center of Engine and Automotive Technology is described and its function explained. Special attention is paid to the electric power divider, which is a synchronous permanent magnet generator with separately rotating stator and rotor. The theory of the divider is derived. The knowledge of qaxis reactance and d-axis reactance is for load characteristics important. A new method how to measure the q-axis synchronous reactance of permanent magnet machines was developed. The method and results are in the paper described.

Original scientific paperSelf reactance X d in direct axis 'd' and self reactance Xq in quadrature axis 'q' influence the load characteristics of the permanent magnet machine. Their calculation methods are known. All calculations should be verified by measurements. Measurement with AC variable voltage and frequency source applied on stator winding is correct when eddy currents do not exist. Other methods evaluate the DC current decay after initial direct current was applied on the stator winding. Accuracy of these methods is lowered because of the numerical evaluation of current decay curve. Another method performs the measurement on the machine loaded as a motor. The load angle β is measured by a machine set of four machines. The accuracy is lowered by higher harmonics induced in no load in the helping synchronous machine. The load angle can be also obtained by geometrical construction of the vector diagram. In this paper the evaluation of the generator steady state regime of the machine is used. The generator works with different loads consisting of capacitance, inductance or arbitrary impedance or resistance. When the generator transfers from no load to load regime the rotor is shifting and the load angle changes. This angle is measured. The newly proposed measurement methods are simple in special cases of loads. Results of measurements and their experimental verification are published in the paper. Identifikacija parametara sinkronog stroja s permanentnim magnetima za proračun karakteristika opterećenja. Reaktancija X d u uzdužnoj 'd' osi i reaktancija Xq u poprečnoj 'q' osi utječu na karakteristike opterećenja stroja s permanentnim magnetima. Metode za njihov izračun su poznate. Svaki izračun trebao bi se potvrditi mjerenjima. Mjerenje korištenjem izmjeničnog izvora s promjenjivim naponom i frekvencijom priključenim na statorske namote prikladno je kada nema vrtložnih struja. Druge metode procjenjuju opadanje istosmjerne struje nakon što je prethodno narinuta struja u uzdužnoj osi. Točnost ovih metoda umanjena je zbog numeričke evaluacije krivulje opadanja struje. Takoer se koristi i metoda koja vrši mjerenja na opterećenom stroju u motorskom režimu rada. Kut opterećenja β mjeri se korištenjem skupa odčetiri stroja. Točnost je smanjena zbog induciranih viših harmonika u praznom hodu zbog pomoćnog sinkronog stroja. Kut opterećenja može se takoer dobiti geometrijskim pristupom iz faznog dijagrama. U ovom radu korištena je procjena u stacionarnom stanju uz generatorski režim rada. Generator je opterećen različitim trošilima koja uključuju kapacitivno, induktivno, otporno ili s proizvoljnom impedancijom. Prijelaznu pojavu generatora iz praznog hoda u opterećeni režim rada prati promjena rotorskih veličina i kuta opterećenja. Ovaj kut je moguće izmjeriti. Predložena metoda mjerenja jednostavna je uz posebne vrste opterećenja. U radu su prikazani rezultati mjerenja uz eksperimentalnu potvrdu metode.Ključne riječi: Električni strojevi, identifikacija parametara, stroj s permanentnim magnetima, sinkroni stroj, elek...