Two hundred faeces sample were collected from cattle with different age and sex in Al-Diwaniyah Province. The study was conducted in the period between November 2016 and November 2017. Salmonella typhimurium bacteria identified by routine methods such as culturing on selective media, biochemical test and agglutination test using monovalent and multivalent antisera. PCR was can detection type-1 fimbriae gene coding for fimC of Salmonella typhimurium. Results showed that Salmonella isolates were 14.5% in the bovine fecal samples. Also, the serotyping of isolates by using monovalent and polyvalent antisera revealed that all Salmonella isolates in cows were S. typhimurium. The PCR technique was used for detection of type-1 fimbriae coding gene by specific primer for fimC gene. All S. typhimurium isolates in cows appeared to be contained this gene show one distinct band MW.289 bp when electrophoresed on agarose gel. The results of this score indicated that the PCR technique potentate a loud specify in the disclosing of S. typhimurium especially the serotype that encoded to fimC gene type-1 fimbriae isolated from cows in comparison to other routine diagnostic tests.

Thirty seven isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Twenty-two isolates were collected from urine in Al-Diywania teaching hospital, eleven isolates from cow meat and four isolates from wound horses. They were identified using the Vitek 2, for detecting characteristics of the biochemical tests and morphological appearance. All isolates resisted to Nalidixic acid, Oxacillin ,Vancomycin,  Ampicillin, and Ciprofloxacin , while show sensitive to Kanamycin and Tetracycline. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of two curing agents, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and ethidium bromide, used in this study were determined and the results indicated that the curing percentage  and efficiency of each curing agent was determined. From treatment with 700 μg/ml ethidium bromide, it was observed that no cured cells were obtained for all antibiotics used and obtained for all antibiotics used by SDS at a concentration of (1, 0.9, 0.8)% (W/V) where had no effect on plasmid curing and bacterial cells complete lysis, the isolates appeared sensitive to (0.5,0.6 and 0.7)% concentration of SDS were Nalidixic acid 10mg was (35.1, 94.5 and 100) %, Vancomycin 30mg ( 59.4, 86.4 and 100) %, Kanamycin 30mg was (97.2, 100,100)%  and Tetracycline 30mg was (75.6, 100 and 100)% respectively , no there sensitivity for each Oxacillin 30mg , Ciprofloxacin 5mg and Ampicillin 10mg.

Background and Aim: Hemotropic Mycoplasmas are small epierythrocytic bacteria that cause infectious anemia in several livestock species and in humans. Several reports have been made on hemoplasma infections in the south and north of Iraq, but there have been no studies in the middle Euphrates of Iraq. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of hemoplasma species in cattle in Al-Qadisiyah Province, Iraq. Materials and Methods: Two hundred blood samples were collected from cattle with pale mucous membrane from regions with heavy tick endemicity. The samples were analyzed for the presence of Rickettsia pathogens using thin blood smears and the Diff-Quik stains. All the samples were also examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene to confirm the presence of the smear-identified microorganisms. Ten PCR positive samples were subjected to 16S rRNA partial gene sequencing to identify the species. Results: The findings uncovered positivity in 68 (34%) blood smears. PCR revealed positive confirmation in 18 (9%) of the 200 blood samples. Mycoplasma wenyonii and Candidatus mycoplasma hemobos were identified from 10 PCR positive samples. The nucleotide sequences of the isolates were closely related to isolates from cattle, buffalo, and dogs in Vietnam, Cuba, India, and Germany. Conclusion: Bovine hemoplasma infections are prevalent in cattle in the Al-Qadisiyah Province in Iraq. Our results may have significance for the development of control programs.

Klebsiella pneumonia was the most important nosocomial infections pathogen. It was causing several morbidity and mortality in sick animals and human. Its identification and detection performed by usage of conventional cultural characters, biochemical tests and Polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR). One-hundred clinical samples were divided into (50) samples of sheep suffering from pneumonia and (50) samples of human with UTI, collected from different regions of Al-Diwaniyah city. Thirty-four (68%) sheep samples were positive for K. pneumonia identification, while 38 (76%) urine samples of a human with UTI cases gave K. pneumoniae isolates . The results show only (72) isolates were identification by PCR technique. Thirty isolates of human samples (78.9%) were positive for detection of bla CTX-M ESBLs, while its detection did not determine in sheep. Sixty-three isolates from total isolates were positive to detection of bla SHV, these positive isolates divided into 53 isolate for a human and 28 sheep. Molecular characterization of ESBL provide information about the prevalence of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae in Al-Diwaniyah. The aim of this study was determination of CTX-M and SHV genes presence in extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.