Watermelon white rind is thrown to the environment as agro waste producing ecological and environmental problems. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the medicinal properties of the rind to generate valuable health-promoting products. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were prepared and screened for antibacterial activity against three pathogenic bacterial strains: two Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella sp.) and one Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of watermelon white rind have antagonistic effect against E. coli and Salmonella sp., While Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to both extracts. The diameters of inhibition zone of ethanolic and aqueous extracts against E. coli were 5.75±0.96 mm and 3.00±0.82 mm, respectively. Whereas, the diameters were 8.50±0.58 mm and 4.25±0.96 mm against Salmonella sp., respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed the existence of methionine, L-aspartic acid, glycyl-D-asparagine, 9cis-retinoic acid, stearic acid allyl ester and ascorbic acid permethyl. These active compounds contributed definitely to the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts against the used pathogenic bacteria. As a result, the white rind could be properly handled and utilized to maximize the safe waste management.

Artichoke a perennial thistle of the Asteraceae plant family, which is commonly eaten as a vegetable in North America, Europe and the Mediterranean. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts of artichoke leaves and pulp were prepared and tested for their antibacterial activity against eight bacterial strains: three Gram-negative bacteria ( E. coli, Pseudomonas aerugenosa and Salmonella sp.) and five Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus ,Bacillus subtilis , Listeria monocytogenes , Streptococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus). The leaves and pulp parts were also tested for their antioxidant capacity, total phenols and total flavonoids content. The phytochemical composition of artichoke leaves and pulp were qualitatively determined. The data of the antibacterial activity test revealed that the highest inhibitory effect was recorded for ethanolic leaves extract against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (18 mm. ) ,while the ethanolic pulps extract exerted the same inhibitory activity against the Gram positive bacteria B. subtilis and Gram negative bacteria Pseudomonase aeroginosa with inhibition zone diameters of 12.0 mm .Phytochemical analysis of artichoke pulp and leaves ensured that both parts are reservoirs of flavonoids and phenolic compounds that modulated its antioxidant activity. Qualitative determination of tannins, alkaloids and saponnins ascertained its existence in both leaves and pulp. Glycosids was found in leaves , and undetected in the pulp. The results showed that artichoke leaves had higher flavonoids, phenolics and antioxidant capacity than the pulp.

Cantaloupe refers to the Cucumis melo species in the Cucurbitaceae family. Seeds are solid by-product generated in large quantity. Regulation of agricultural by-products as a source of bioactive compounds could minimize environmental hazard. For that reason, cantaloupe seeds were evaluated for its antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The current study included the proximate analysis of the seeds that had protein content 20.8%, crude fiber 33.1%, moisture 8% and fat 24.6%. Characterization of bioactive constituents by GC-MS analysis revealed the existence of methionine (60.17%), 4-aminoheptanedioic acid (4.75%), 9-cis-retinoic acid (34.12%) and stearic acid allyl ester (0.96%). Data revealed that total phenolic and flavonoid contents of cantaloupe seeds had range of 50.5 mg GAE/100 g dry weight and 6.43 mg QE/100 g dry weight, respectively. Total antioxidant activity valued 272.6 mg AAE/100 g dry weight. Ferric reducing antioxidant power increased relative to increase the extract concentration which indicated high reducing ability of cantaloupe seeds. Ethanolic extract of cantaloupe seeds had mild inhibition activity against E. coli and Salmonella sp., while Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to the ethanolic extract. Aqueous extract did not show any antagonistic effect against the three pathogenic bacterial strains. Inclusion of phytochemical bioactive compounds and methionine as sulphur-containing amino acid in cantaloupe seeds may contribute to the apparent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Results ensured that cantaloupe seeds possessed nutritional, antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

The present study was performed to evaluation the microbiological quality of processed packed juices like mango, guava, apple and cocktail purchased from five different local companies in Egypt. The microbiological analysis including total plate count (T.P.C), total coliforms (T.C), faecal coliforms (F.C.), lactic acid bacteria (L.A.B), yeasts, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfingins. The effect of leuconostoc mesenteroids on growth of E. coli and Staph aureus in vitro was evaluated. The results revealed that microbiological counts in the examined samples were ranged from 1x10 to 5.5x10 5 cfu/ml for T.P.C., 3x10 to 2.5x10 5 cfu/ml for T.C, 1x10 to 10x10 5 cfu/ml for yeasts. All the examined samples were negative for E. coli, Staph aureus, Colostridium perfringins and faecal coliforms. The treatment with lecuonostoc mesenteroids induced complete eliminate of E. coli in mango, apple and cocktail juices and Staph aureus in mango and apple juices. The bacteria density of the same microorganisms (E. coli and Staph aureus) were decreased on enrichment broth.