Purpose The aim of the study was to assess efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate (PP) in schizophrenic patients using real-life data. Methods This national, multicenter, retrospective, and mirror-image study was performed reviewing the medical records of patients in 18 centers. Adult schizophrenic patients receiving PP treatment (n = 205) were enrolled. Patients' data covering the last 12 months before the initial PP injection and the period until the end of study with at least 12 months after the initial PP injection were evaluated. Patients' characteristics, scale scores, and adverse events were recorded. Results Nonadherence to prior medication was the most frequent reason for switching to PP treatment. Comparing with the period before PP treatment, the rate of patients visiting the hospital for relapse (79.5% vs 28.9%, P < 0.001) and the median number of hospitalizations (2 vs 0, P < 0.001) were lower during PP treatment. During PP treatment, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score decreased by 20% or more (response to treatment) in 75.7% of the patients. The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the period before and during PP treatment. Improvement in functionality was higher in those with disease duration of 5 years or less. Conclusions Paliperidone palmitate is effective and safe in treatment of schizophrenic patients and in switching to PP treatment in patients with schizophrenia, which reduced the percentage of patients admitted to the hospital for relapse and the median number hospitalization, and has positive effects on functionality.

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The physical state of the crystal lattice is determined of an unprocessed, natural rhombohedra1 growth face, r (OIll), of amethyst quartz having well expressed lamellae structure. By applying the X-ray diffraction methods: double crystal spectrometry (topographs), reflection X-ray topography in divergent beam, as well as polarizing optical microscopy the lamellar structure is found due to Brazil twins present. Especially a determination is made of the lattice spacing fluctuations and lattice rotation over the areas in which the lamellae outcrop on the natural face. I n addition, detailed studies of the concentration of some impurities a t the twin boundaries are performed using the quantitative EPMA analysis. They indicate that in the case under discussion the distorted lattice around the twin boundaries is caused not by the impurities, but most probably by plastic flow or by migration of vacancies to the boundary.Es wird der physikalische Zustand des Kristallgitters einer unbehandelten, naturlichen rhomboedrischen Wachstumsflliche r (0111) eines Amethystquarzes mit gutausgebildeter Lamellarstruktur bestimmt. Mit Anwendung von Rontgenbeugungsmethoden: Doppelkristallspektrometrie (Topographien), Reflexions-Rontgen-Topographie im divergenten Strahl sowie mit optischer Polarisationsmikroskopie wird gefunden, daB die Lamellarstruktur auf vorhandene Brasilzwillinge zuriickzufiihren ist. Insbesondere werden die Gitterkonstantenfluktuationen und Gitterdrehung iiber den Flachen in denen die Lamellen an der natiirlichen Fliiche austreten, ngher bestimmt. ZusLtzlich werden ausfuhrliche Untersuchungen der Konzentration einiger Storstellen an den Zwillingsgrenzen mittels quantitativer EPMA-Analyse durchgefiihrt. Sie zeigen, daB fur den diskutierten Pall das gestorte Kristallgitter um die Zwillingsgrenzen nicht von den Storstellen, sondern hochstwahrscheinlich dnrch plastisches FlieBen oder Wanderung von Leerstellen zur Grenze verursacht werden.

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