Aim: Some experimental studies reported that state anxiety is mediated by sympathetic effect of autonomic nervous system with an increase in norepinephrine secretion regulated by the catechol-omethyltransferase gene. We conducted a prospective study investigating the effect of state anxiety of the subjects prior to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on the test outcomes. Material and Methods: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) TX-1 form was given to the patients whom OGTT was indicated for this prospective study. OGTTs were performed by the same nurse and in the same test room during this study. STAI TX-1 form consisted 20 items and each one of them had weighted scores from 1 to 4. Results: We included 516 patients to whom OGTT was performed and who completed STAI TX-1 form. No significant association between state anxiety score and OGTT outcomes was found. Pairwise comparisons showed BMI and waist circumference in the group of married were significantly higher than those in the group of single. Similarly, the percentage of DM diagnosis following OGTT in the group of married was significantly higher than that in the group of single. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that test-dependent state anxiety had no impact on OGTT outcomes. Evaluating state anxiety of the patients right before OGTT may not be required; however, as described in the literature, it is worthwhile to remember chronic anxiety could affect the outcomes of OGTT and a randomized prospective study is necessary to help determine if evaluating trait anxiety is required prior to OGTT.

Objectives: Inflammation-related hemogram parameters have recently started to be defined as a useful marker in cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to comparison of hemogram parameters in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients, well differentiated thyroid tumor of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) and follicular adenoma (FA). Materials and Methods: The 287 patients data were analyzed in study. Study subjects were divided into 5 different groups. 1st group: control, 2nd group: FA, 3rd group: WDT-UMP, 4th group: non-metastatic PTC, 5th group: metastatic PTC. We evaluated the preoperative blood tests. Results: The average age was 50 (37-59). The mean TSH value was 1.2 (0.5-2.2) µIU/mL. The mean size of the lesion detected in the total thyroidectomy material was 1.7 (1.0-3.0) cm. White blood cells (WBC), neutrophils and lymphocytes were lower in 3rd group than 4th group (p0.173). MPV was found to be statistically higher in the control patients (p=0.000). MPV was significantly higher in 2nd group compared to 3rd group and 4th group (p=0.001, p=0.016; respectively). RDW was significantly lower in the control group compared to all other groups (p=0.000). There was no correlation between tumor size and hemogram parameters. Conclusions: In patients followed up for thyroid nodules, low MPV should raise a suspicion in terms of possible malignancy. Increased RDW may be useful in predicting thyroid nodule development. These easily accessible, cost-effective markers may support other diagnostic methods to distinguish malignant from benign nodules.

Objective: Diabetes Mellitus constitutes a significant health concern given its incidence and associated complications. Furthermore, obesity, being a chronic disease, represents a risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In light of these considerations, our study aims to perform a public screening for conditions that are closely related, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and foot health. Methods: The study was conducted over a three-day period from September 12 to September 15, 2017, between the hours of 09:00-17:00. The sample comprised of volunteers who passed by the established stands and were not diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension. Blood glucose levels (BG) were measured using a glucometer, while weight and height were measured using a scale. Waist circumference was measured using a tape measure, and foot examinations were conducted using a podoscope. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to gather sociodemographic information and health-related data from participants. Measurements were taken of random capillary BG, blood pressure (BP), height, weight, and waist circumference. A general foot examination was performed, and any pressing foot issues were evaluated with a podoscope. Results: In our study, the mean BG level of 428 participants was 126 g/dl, with 7% of them recording BG levels above 200 g/dl. During foot examinations, 29% of participants reported experiencing pain, while 26% had issues with false nail clipping. Pes planus was detected in 14% of individuals during podoscopic examination, and it was observed that those who used sports shoes and those who had previous foot examinations had fewer foot health problems. Additionally, individuals with high BMI values exhibited a higher prevalence of claudication findings, ingrown nails, and dryness and cracks in the skin. Participants with higher systolic BP were found to have more instances of ingrown nails and other nail problems, including interdigital maceration. Conclusion: The selection of appropriate footwear and regular foot examinations are crucial in the prevention of foot health problems. Our study found a significant association between foot health problems and high BMI and systolic blood pressure levels.

Background N-nitrosomorpholine (NMO) is one of the most common N-nitroso compounds. An oncocytic transformation has been demonstrated in renal tubules of NMO-treated rats. In our study, we aimed to investigate the potential transformation of oncocytic cells in 6 endocrine organs, i.e., thyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands, pancreas, testis, and bone, of NMO-exposed rats.Methods Thirty male rats were born and raised. Fifteen of them were given a single dose of 320 mg NMO per kg body weight, dissolved in drinking water, by a gavage tube. At the end of 52 weeks, the animals in both series were sacrificed. Right after the sacrifice, 6 different endocrine organs (hypophysis, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal gland, bone [femur], and testicles) of each animal were excised.Results There was no evidence of oncocytic cell development in the control group. In contrast, oncocytes were observed in 8 out of 13 NMO-treated rats: 2 in the adrenal sections, 1 in the thyroid sections, 3 in the pituitary sections, and 2 in the pancreas sections. The cells in the testicle and bone sections were completely normal.Conclusions We showed that NMO induced an oncocytic change in pancreas, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands. To date, no identified specific environmental risk factors that lead to an oncocytic transformation in endocrine glands have been reported previously. Given the increasing prevalence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the environment, personal care products, manufactured goods and food sources, there is a need to advance our understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying oncocytosis in endocrine organs.