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MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in various biological processes including tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the expression and function of miR-506 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we showed that miR-506 was downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-506 dramatically suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Moreover, we identified the Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) gene as a novel direct target of miR-506. MiR-506 exerts its tumor suppressor function through inhibition of the FOXQ1, which was involved in tumor metastasis and proliferation in various cancers. Furthermore, the expression of FOXQ1 is up-regulated in NPC cell lines and tissues. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-506 functions as a tumor suppressor miRNA in NPC and that its suppressive effects are mediated chiefly by repressing FOXQ1 expression.

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