The adsorption of quinoline from simulated wastewater by raw coking coal (RCC), HCl modified coking coal (HCC) and NaOH modified coking coal (NCC) are investigated. Effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time and temperature for quinoline adsorption on coking coal are studied in batch experiments. The adsorption efficiency for quinoline increase with increasing of adsorbent dosage and adsorption time, the optimum adsorbent dosage is 50 g•L-1 , the adsorption time for quinoline adsorption on RCC, HCC and NCC is 120 mins. Kinetic experiments show that the equilibrium time for quinoline adsorption on raw and modified coking coal is 120 mins, and follow quasi-second order kinetic equation well. The adsorption isotherm data fit Freundlich models, and the adsorption capacity of quinoline on the three adsorbents increase with increasing of temperature from 288 to 313 K. HCC and NCC have a higher adsorption capacity of quinoline than RCC, because modification treatment can improve the specific surface area of RCC. Thermodynamic parameters, the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), Enthalpy change (ΔH°) and Entropy change (ΔS°) are calculated and the results show that the adsorption of quinoline on three adsorbents is spontaneous and endothermic. The results illustrate that modified coking coal have high potential as low-cost adsorbent for quinoline removal.

The number of efficient paths between an origin-destination (O-D) pair provides the route diversity degree of possibly used paths in a transportation network and has many important applications. The existing counting method was based on the Bell loading method for Logit model to determine the number of efficient paths between any two nodes without path enumeration. However, this method has a high time-complexity and requires many unnecessary computations, which significantly hinder its use in large-scale networks. Inspired by the Dial loading method for Logit model, this paper develops a more computationally attractive method to count not only the number of efficient paths, but also the number of efficient paths using each link/node, and the total/average cost of these paths between each O-D pair. Besides circumventing path enumeration, the proposed method has a much lower time-complexity. Numerical examples are then provided to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method..

In this paper, inspired to the high-speed global search ability for genetic algorithm and the positive feedback mechanism for ant colony algorithm, our energy-efficient scheme, called ACGR, was proposed for routing optimization design, in which the communication messages, treated as ants with limited lifetime, are sent by nodes for searching the optimal routing path. Through the proposed scheme, multiple candidate routing paths could be obtained firstly. Then each candidate path is considered as a gene sequence and through the selection, crossover and mutation operations on them, the optimal energy routing path is determined. Simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm provides promising solution because it takes into account the energy of each node, and extends the lifetime of the wireless sensor network.

The coronavirus epidemic is putting the state system and governments of different countries around the world on trial. While Western countries are still suffering from the epidemic, China is not only keeping its spread effectively under control, but also ensuring current economic growth. The difference between China's success and the West's helplessness in fighting the epidemic has drawn the attention of the Russian media to the Chinese model. They believe that, compared to Western countries, namely the United States, the Chinese authorities were quick to react and highly organised after the outbreak, always putting people's lives above everything else and, as a result, securing the people's trust. As a result of joint actions of the Communist Party, public discipline and people's trust towards the authorities, China has effectively mobilised all social forces in the fight against the coronavirus. China has clearly demonstrated its humanistic strategy both to its own citizens and to the rest of the world. All this clearly showed the great advantages of the Chinese model, i.e. of the specific Chinese socialism. Undoubtedly, the Russian media give a more objective assessment of China's measures and results in fighting the epidemic than the Western media. According to the authors of the article, this is closely linked to the Russian «East + West» special geopolitical situation and the special historical process of «socialism + capitalism» development in Russia. In conclusion, the authors are confident that Russia will be able to find a model of development suitable for the Russian people, comparing the Chinese model with the Western one.