Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) is a notoriously difficult genus to study for reasons that include small, remote and endemic areas of occurrence, and difficulty in obtaining well‐dried herbarium specimens and separating and reconstructing floral parts from available dried specimens. Impatiens has also been notoriously difficult when it comes to phylogenetic resolution at the infrageneric level, but a new system with two subgenera (Impatiens and Clavicarpa) was recently proposed by Yu et al. and it has made it easier to classify newly discovered species. Impatiens maculifera, a new species of Balsaminaceae from Malipo County, Yunnan, China described here, is similar to I. parvisepala S.X. Yu & Y.T. Hou in having racemose inflorescences, four lateral sepals, clavate capsules and ellipsoid seeds, but differs in having leaves narrowly oval or with elliptic–lanceolate blades (versus obovate or obovate–lanceolate), obvious petioles (versus leaves subsessile), racemose inflorescence with 8–12 flowers (versus 6–8 flowers), flowers greenish yellow (versus yellow), lateral united petals and lower sepal with dense red spots (versus red spots absent), and dorsal petal with apparent stalk at base (versus unapparent stalk). Morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from both nuclear ribosomal and plastid genes show that the new species differs distinctively from I. parvisepala. Furthermore, I. maculifera is distinguished from other Impatiens species based on morphological, micromorphological and palynological evidence, and molecular data.

Summary Background The research aims to study the impact of corporate governance on hospital performance regarding HIV and malaria control, using the Ghana health industry as a case. The nation is making frantic effort to control HIV and malaria, since they continue to be among the deadliest diseases that attract holistic attention; hence, there is the need to put structures in place to curb the spread. Methods A total of 1005 precoded questionnaires were administered to 125 hospitals, for responses from staff, managers, board, and chief executive officers (CEOs). The collated data were analysed using structural equation modelling approach. Results Our research revealed that corporate governance has a positive effect on hospital performance, regarding the control of the two deadly diseases (HIV and malaria). The interventions in Ghana health delivery have brought a level of improvement in malaria control, since the disease mortality has significantly declined from 19% in 2010 to 4% in 2016. Through the implementation of systems and policies, the national HIV prevalence has admirably reduced from 2.9% in 2000 to 1.6% in 2017. Conclusions Hospitals are therefore encouraged to continue to implement effective corporate governance mechanisms to facilitate efficient, well‐organised, and prudent practices that can deliver more institutional performance in HIV and malaria control.

The economic relations between Malaysia and China have always maintained a relatively stable trend, and Malaysia also attaches great importance to maintaining the development of economic relations with China. Throughout the decades of development, Malaysia's economic policies towards China have shown different characteristics in different development periods. Especially after Malaysia's domestic election in 2018, Malaysia's economic policy towards China has undergone new adjustments, which is very different from Malaysia's economic policy towards China before 2018. Therefore, by analyzing and summarizing the development of Malaysia's economic policy towards China from 1974 to 2018, this article discusses the focus of economic policy towards China in different periods and how it affects the development of Malaysia's economic relations with China. In this article, researcher systematically review the development of Malaysia's economic policy towards China from 1974 to 2018, and analyse what factors have affected Malaysia's economic policy towards China during this period, and summarize the impact of economic policy on China-Malaysia economic relations? This article mainly includes four parts, the first part is mainly to define the timeframe of the research and introduce the reasons. The second part mainly introduces the main features of Malaysia's economic policy towards China from 1974 to 1985 and its influence. The third part will introduce the characteristics of Malaysia's economic policy towards China since 1985 and focuses on analysing the motivation behind the economic policy towards China during Mahathir and Najib. The last part summarizes the characteristics of Malaysia's economic policy towards China and related impacts over the decades from 1974 to 2018.

Although it has been widely accepted in international relations discourse that Southeast Asian states generally adopt hedging strategies when faced with conflicts from external powers, however, this paper argues that when the intensity of confrontation and conflict between major powers exceeds the capacity threshold of small states, they tend to adopt either direct or ambiguous taking sides strategies in order to maintain their security by actively adhering to or being forced to follow a major power. According to Robert Putnam’s two-level games theory, leadership characteristics, capability threshold, state trust, structural pressure and system stability are the main factors that influence whether a small Southeast Asian country adopts a strategy of taking a side. Malaysia, for example, has adopted either direct or ambiguous taking sides strategies in response to the Sino-US conflict. By siding ambiguously with China or the US at different times, Malaysia has effectively consolidated its economic cooperation with major powers such as China and the US and gained actual economic benefits, reducing the risks and uncertainties posed to Malaysia by the great power game.