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In this paper, a new Lagrange relaxation based decomposition algorithm for the integrated offshore oil production planning optimization is presented. In our previous study (Gao et al. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 2020, 133, 106674), a multiperiod mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model considering both well operation and flow assurance simultaneously had been proposed. However, due to the large-scale nature of the problem, i.e., too many oil wells and long planning time cycle, the optimization problem makes it difficult to get a satisfactory solution in a reasonable time. As an effective method, Lagrange relaxation based decomposition algorithms can provide more compact bounds and thus result in a smaller duality gap. Specifically, Lagrange multiplier is introduced to relax coupling constraints of multi-batch units and thus some moderate scale sub-problems result. Moreover, dual problem is constructed for iteration. As a result, the original integrated large-scale model is decomposed into several single-batch subproblems and solved simultaneously by commercial solvers. Computational results show that the proposed method can reduce the solving time up to 43% or even more. Meanwhile, the planning results are close to those obtained by the original model. Moreover, the larger the problem size, the better the proposed LR algorithm is than the original model.

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Grape berries metabolites determine wine grape and wine quality. The aim of this work was to determine the metabolite profiles of fruit of mature berries of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' of grapes in relation to their growing conditions in high alititude Shangeri-La wine-growing region. Last decade, Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) used to quantify in a single analysis many different compounds in berry extracts. Grape berries were harvested in 2013 on grapevines cultivated in Jinsha River and Lancan River of Shangeri-La, China. After an ethanolic-water extraction, the 1 H NMR spectra of watersoluble extracts of fruit berriers were run in 15 minutes. Bayesil was development a web system that automatically identifies and quantifies. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of berries spectra significantly discriminated mature berries from Jinsha River and Lancan River. 1 H NMR spectra of berriers were less discriminanting. OPLS-DA showed significant grapevines cultivated in Jinsha River and Lancan River of Shangeri-La, contributing to the discrimination, were attributed to animo acid, organic acid, alcohol, sugar, Ester. In conclusion, 1 H NMR analysis of berry extracts discriminates berries from different origins more efficiently than classical biochemical analyses based on sugar, acidity and Ester. alerting pathway of animo acid, organic acid pathway.