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Objective: To investigate the long-term reintervention of ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) treatment for uterine fibroids and analyze the factors affecting reintervention rate after USgHIFU. Materials and methods: Three hundred and eight-one patients with uterine fibroids treated by USgHIFU at the third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from April 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The factors that affect the reintervention rate were analyzed. Results: The mean follow-up time was 70.0 ± 9.0 months. During the follow-up period, 86.4% (329/381) of the patients reported symptomatic relief and the fibroids shrank after USgHIFU treatment. Seventynine patients received reintervention included myomectomy, a second session of HIFU, and hysterectomy. The overall reintervention rate was 20.7% (79/381). The reasons for reintervention included symptomatic recurrence in 50 (50/79, 63.3%) patients, psychological factors in 14 (14/79, 17.7%) patients, fertility requirement in three (3/79, 3.8%) patients, suspected uterine sarcoma in two (2/79, 2.5%) patients and others in 10 (10/79, 12.7%) patients. The reintervention rate has significant correlation with some factors including age, size, type and the signal intensity on T2 weighted image (T2WI) of the uterine fibroids. Conclusion: USgHIFU for uterine fibroids is effective due to low reintervention rate in a long-term follow-up.

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