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The numerical simulation is effective to investigate the thermal performance of the packed bed latent heat thermal energy storage system which can provide more detailed information. There are three most commonly used numerical models developed based on the porous medium model: the continuous solid phase model, improved continuous solid phase model, and concentric dispersion model. The applicability of these models is compared by evaluating the variations of fluid temperature, temperature difference inside phase change material capsule, thermocline thickness, charging power, and computational time. The results show that the concentric dispersion model can accurately simulate the charging processes with a deviation of less than 5% between the results of the concentric dispersion model and experimental results. When the Bi is smaller than 1, the effect of the temperature gradient inside the capsule can be neglected and the continuous solid phase model shows a deviation less than 2%. When the Ste is smaller than 0.1, the sensible heat is negligible and the improved continuous solid phase model shows a deviation less than 2%.The computational time of the concentric dispersion model is generally 30% more than the other two models.

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