Background. Consistent results are lacking as regards the comparative effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). Patients and Methods. Patients treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) between 2002 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS), local-regional progression-free survival (LRPFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared among patients irradiated with different techniques. The association between RT technique and survival indexes was assessed in a Cox proportional hazard regression model. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance known confounding factors. Results. A total of 652 patients were eligible for analysis, including 206 with 3DCRT and 446 with IMRT. The median OS of
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