An understanding of fish movement behavior in response to flow field variables is important for exploring the hydrodynamic strategies of fish in fish passages. In this paper, bighead carps were taken as an example. The fish movement behavior response to water flow field information by means of estimating the energetic expenditure using an IBM approach in an experimental fishway was investigated. Fish swimming velocity, drag force, and energy expenditure were analyzed in varied flow conditions related to hydraulic variables, including velocity (V), turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and strain rate (SR). The result indicated that the fish will require more energy in high TKE zones. This study provides a reference for optimizing the design of fish passages and fisheries management. This method can be applied to assess the efficiency of fish bypass structures and conduct fish survival studies.

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<p> The Yongjiang Railway Bridge carrying 2-lines heavy-load railways is a steel-concrete mixed box girder cable-stayed bridge with the span arrangement of 53 50+50+66+468 66+50+50+53 m. The stiffening girder is a closed and streamlined box girder with two materials longitudinally: the center 419m of main span is steel box girder installed by deck cranes and the rest of the girder is site-cast concrete box girder.</p><p> Considering that the railway bridge possesses characteristics of carrying heavy railway live load, high requirements for the stiffness of the whole structure, fixed railway tracks, an innovative concept of the structural system for long-span railway bridges is carried out, and three Innovative Technologies is obtained including orthotropic steel deck stiffened by V-shaped ribs, steel-concrete joint with ladder-shaped concrete filled in and frontal/ posterior compression-bearing plates, bilateral–bearing-load cable-girder steel anchorage box. The experimental research proves that orthotropic steel deck stiffened by V-shaped is superior in fatigue behaviour, the proposed new types of steel cable-girder anchorage box and steel-concrete joint both have good performance in the force transferring and fatigue properties. And also vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis also shows that the steel-concrete joint achieves smooth transition of stiffness and the trains run smoothly.</p>

Fraud can cause severe financial losses and affect the physical and mental health of victims. This study aimed to explore the manipulative characteristics of fraudsters and their relationship with other psychological variables. Thirty-four fraudsters were selected from a medium-security prison in China, and thirty-one healthy participants were recruited online. Both groups completed an emotional face-recognition task and self-report measures assaying emotional manipulation, psychopathy, emotion recognition, and empathy. Results showed that imprisoned fraudsters had higher accuracy in identifying fear and surprise faces but lower accuracy in identifying happiness than controls (t = 5.26, p &lt; 0.001; t = 2.38, p &lt; 0.05; t = 3.75, p &lt; 0.001). Significantly lower scores on non-prosocial factors on the Managing the Emotions of Others scale (MEOS) were found for imprisoned fraudsters, relative to controls (t = 3.21, p &lt; 0.01). Imprisoned fraudsters had low scores in the assessment of psychopathy than the control group, especially Factor 1 (t = 2.04, p = 0.05). For empathy, imprisoned fraudsters had significantly higher scores in perspective-taking than controls (t = 2.03, p = 0.05). Correlation analyses revealed that psychopathic traits were positively correlated with non-prosocial factors in both groups. However, the relationships between emotional manipulation and emotional recognition and empathy were not consistent across the groups. The results suggest that fraudsters may pretend to be as prosocial as healthy controls, who had lower antisocial tendencies, normal empathy ability, and would like to manipulate others’ emotions positively during social interaction.