Long-term systemic treatment with acitretin for severe hyperkeratotic disorders is needed to maintain quality of life of afflicted patients, but treatment has been limited owing to its potential side-effects including skeletal malformations, particularly for children during their growth and development. A retrospective investigation was conducted with three children afflicted with a severe hyperkeratotic disorder, namely Darier's disease, bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma or lamellar ichthyosis, who were continuously maintained on 0.2-0.3 mg/kg per day acitretin for more than 12 years after an initial period at a larger acitretin dose to bring each disease under control. The patients had good responses to acitretin treatment, which was assessed for safety, skeletal abnormalities, growth retardation and other potential side-effects. Acitretin monotherapy was an effective treatment for these children, and maintenance doses were well tolerated with no skeletal or other observable side-effects during the course of the study.

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The robust design optimization of an airfoil needs to continuously realize the probability-based aerodynamic simulation for various combinations of geometry and wind climate parameters. The simulation time is lengthy when a full aerodynamic model is embedded for the numerical iteration. To this end, a second-order polynomial-based response surface model is first presented to relate the airfoil performance indicator with geometry and random aerodynamic variables. This allows to quickly evaluate the response moments and optimization constraints. Then, the robust design optimization is formulated to simultaneously maximize the mean aerodynamic performance and minimize the variance of design results due to the variation of geometry and aerodynamic parameters. The robust design optimization based on the NACA63418 and the DU93-W-210 airfoils with random Mach and Reynolds numbers is presented to demonstrate potential applications of this proposed model. Results have shown that the mean-value aerodynamic indicator is generally improved, whereas the variance is minimized to archive the robust design objective. The proposed approach is simple and accurate, suggesting an attractive tool for robust design optimization of airfoils with random aerodynamic variables.

A scientific and effective system of internal control evaluation is a fundamental guarantee for the continuous improvement and perfection of internal control for an enterprise. Based on the latest development of internal control evaluation of COSO (The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission), the methods and contents of evaluation can be determined in accordance with 5 factors, 17 principles, and 81 related attributes of internal control. In the meantime, in the light of laws and regulations, requirement of external supervision, rules and regulations of internal management, the proposals and opinions of leadership, and the overall evaluation and focused evaluation, evaluations should be made based on the efficiency of internal control so as to promote the continuous improvement and perfection of internal control.