BackgroundWhether hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events is still disputed. We aimed to assess the association between hypothyroidism and risks of cardiovascular events and mortality.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Embase from inception to 29 February 2016. Cohort studies were included with no restriction of hypothyroid states. Priori main outcomes were ischemic heart disease (IHD), cardiac mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.ResultsFifty-five cohort studies involving 1,898,314 participants were identified. Patients with hypothyroidism, compared with euthyroidism, experienced higher risks of IHD (relative risk (RR): 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.26), myocardial infarction (MI) (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.05–1.25), cardiac mortality (RR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.38–2.80), and all-cause mortality (RR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.13–1.39); subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH; especially with thyrotropin level ≥10 mIU/L) was also associated with higher risks of IHD and cardiac mortality. Moreover, cardiac patients with hypothyroidism, compared with those with euthyroidism, experienced higher risks of cardiac mortality (RR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.28–3.83) and all-cause mortality (RR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.26–1.81).ConclusionsHypothyroidism is a risk factor for IHD and cardiac mortality. Hypothyroidism is associated with higher risks of cardiac mortality and all-cause mortality compared with euthyroidism in the general public or in patients with cardiac disease.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12916-017-0777-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Purpose: To assess the impact of listening to preferred music on relieving male patients' pain and anxiety during flexible cystoscopy. Patients and Methods: A total of 124 male patients were admitted to our hospital for flexile cystoscopy by a single urologist between

Background Numerous circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recognized as vital modulators of human malignancies, including glioma. Whereas, the functional role of circRNA Pituitary Homeo Box 1 (circPITX1) in the radioresistance of glioma cells remains largely uncertain. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or western blot analysis was employed to examine the expression of circPITX1, microRNA (miR)-329-3p and NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2). 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine cell viability. Glycolysis was assessed by commercial kits and western blot analysis. Colony formation assay was conducted to analyze cell survival and clonogenicity capacity. The relationship among circPITX1, miR-329-3p and NEK2 was confirmed via dual-luciferase reporter assay. The in vivo function of circPITX1 was evaluated by tumor xenograft assay. Results Expression of circPITX1 and NEK2 was up-regulated in glioma tissues and cells, while miR-329-3p exhibited reverse trend. CircPITX1 knockdown repressed viability, glycolysis and colony formation, but promoted radiosensitivity of glioma cells, as well as inhibited tumor growth in vivo. MiR-329-3p was a target miRNA of circPITX1 and miR-329-3p deficiency reversed knockdown of circPITX1-mediated glycolysis inhibition and radioresistance reduction. MiR-329-3p exerted inhibitory effects on glycolysis and radioresistance of glioma cells by targeting NEK2. CircPITX1 facilitated NEK2 expression by sponging miR-329-3p. Glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) disposition weakened the promoted impact on glycolysis caused by circPITX1. Conclusion CircPITX1 knockdown reduced glycolysis to contribute to radiosensitivity in glioma through miR-329-3p/NEK2 axis, providing a possible mechanism of circPITX1 in the development of glioma.