Microbial oils has been studied for many years, research shows that a variety of oleaginous microorganisms, such as yeast, fungi, bacteria, and microalgae can produce oils. The composition of microbial oils are C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2, The research of microbial oils focuses on food and Health care products other fields, especially in the field of bio-energy have been more and more attention, this paper introduced the development process of the microbial oils and the superiority of microbial oils in the bio-energy.

Single cell oil have been researched many years, the paper introduced the single cell oil and the main of microorganism which can produce the lipid, including bacteria, yeast, fungi and algae, single cell oil is benefit to the food industry and the bio-energy in the future.