In the cap and trade system, the paper analyses the Stackelberg game between the power asymmetrical retailer and manufacturer and designs a side-payment self-enforcing contract to resolve some arguments that the existing research overemphasizes spontaneity of participation in side-payment contracts design based on supply chain coordination and does not consider rationality and fairness of allocation of profit increment. Also, the numerical analysis was given. The research shows some important conclusions: in the supply chain, the dominant manufacturer is not able to encourage the retailer to improve its promotion level by increasing its carbon cutting level, but the optimal emission reduction level increases with the dominant retailer's promotion level; the optimal promotion level, emission reduction, and product demand in a retailer leading supply chain are higher than those in a supply chain dominated by manufacturer; with the new side-payment self-enforcing contract, decentralized decision according to individual rationality incurs a collective reason effect in the centralized setting. Hindawi Publishing Corporation

The architecture and design of product family are the key links during the whole value creation process and the thought and technology of optimization are the important foundation and core framework in the architecture and design. The common single-level programming was used for architecture and design of product family in the past research. So configuration and scaling design and platform and customization design as the core problems in product family optimization were performed respectively by two stages. In this paper the integrated optimization of product family is essentially a hierarchical problem is firstly argued. Then hierarchical optimization in architecture and design is discussed systematically: describing the hierarchical optimization problems exist in architecture and design of product family, constructing a whole method framework for the analysis and solution of these problems including problem classification and classification model, conceptual model and mathematical model of hierarchical optimization, solving method choice for engineering application. At last an application example is given.

As an important channel to search and share information, professional virtual community (PVC) has become one of the main channels for Chinese young netizens to search information and socialize. However, despite many researches on PVC have been conducted in various fields, there is still a lack of researches on young netizens in China, who are in the stage of online social networking booming with countless PVCs but many of them are non-effective. Moreover, there are few studies to explore explicit paths to obtain the effective information sharing or sustainable development of PVC. Therefore, based on this research gap and social cognitive theory, this study explored PVC information sharing among Chinese young netizens combining the external factors and the individual factors, and attempted to obtain the paths to the effective PVC information sharing. Methods: An online survey was conducted through snowball sampling in China, and 407 samples from 15 different PVCs were confirmed. By using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) with software fs/QCA 3.0, this study attempted to explore the casual configurations that achieve high and non-high effectiveness of PVC information sharing among Chinese young netizens. Results: Three types of equivalent configurations that can achieve high effectiveness of PVC information sharing are obtained; Four types of equivalent configurations that can achieve non-high effectiveness of PVC information sharing are obtained. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the expertise of PVC and challenge-skill balance of members are the primary factors in PVC information sharing. Conclusion:The findings of this study provide that the paths to high and non-high effectiveness of PVC information sharing, which is beneficial to the management and development of PVC. Furthermore, it is helpful for netizens to find and enjoy the PVCs with high quality when they need them. The management of public opinion and how to design web pages to improve the user experience can also be carried out from this perspective.

With the youth trend of teachers in university, young teachers have become the new and core force of higher education. Motivating the work engagement of young university teachers is an important task in the construction of talent system and human resource management in university. By means of quantitative research, the correlation mechanism of psychological safety, relational identification and young teachers' engagement was explored in this paper. The results showed that there were significant positive correlations between psychological safety, coworker relational identification, teacher-students relational identification and emotional engagement. And the coworker relational identification, teacher-students relational identification and behavioral engagement had the significant positive correlations. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between emotional engagement and behavioral engagement, while the correlation was limited. On this basis, suggestions were made to help improve the engagement of young teachers. Specifically, quantitative analysis techniques of personality traits and ability structures should be introduced into the recruitment process, combine the orientation of the school-running and the individual characteristics of the teachers to carry out different career planning and create a positive interpersonal atmosphere with a system of protection for the growth of young teacher.

No abstract