Based on the treatment situation and the modification of effluent standard of printing and dyeing wastewater, a novel integrated and three-dimensional anoxic-aerobic process (A/O) is put forward. The experiment studies the startup of A/O process with simulated printing and dyeing wastewater. The results show that the removal efficiencies of CODcr, NH4+-N and chroma are 67.6%, 90.9% and 54.5% at the steady stage, respectively. The novel A/O process has perfect and steady performance for treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.