Introduction The molecular pathogenesis of liver cancer remains unclear; some ncRNAs have been considered as potential drug targets for cancer treatment. LncRNA PSMG3‑AS1 has been reported to promote breast cancer, while its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between miR-143-3p and PSMG3-AS1. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-143-3p and PSMG3-AS1 and the correlation between them in HCC. The survival curve was used to analyze the effect of PSMG3-AS1 on the prognosis of liver cancer. RT-qPCR was used to detect the effect of different concentration gradients of miR-143-3p on PSMG3-AS1. CCK8 and clone formation experiments were used to examine the role of miR-143-3p and PSMG3-AS1 in regulating the proliferation of SNU-182 and SNU-398 cells. Results Our preliminary bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-143-3p can target PSMG3-AS1. We, therefore, analyzed the interaction between PSMG3-AS1 and miR-143-3p in HCC. We found that PSMG3-AS1 was upregulated, while miR-143-3p was downregulated in HCC. The expression levels of PSMG3‑AS1 and miR-143-3p were closely and inversely correlated with each other. High expression levels of PSMG3‑AS1 predicted poor survival. In HCC cells, overexpression of PSMG3-AS1 led to increased proliferation rates. Overexpression of miR-143-3p played an opposite role and reversed the effect of overexpression of PSMG3‑AS1. Discussions miR-143-3p may target PSMG3‑AS1 to inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells.

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