This article examines the legal status of the peasant (farmer) economy as a subject of entrepreneurial activity which has developed to date, is the result of numerous reforms carried out in this area. In modern realities for the formation of such an association of citizens, the registration of a legal entity is no longer required, which is enshrined in Federal Law N 74-FL of 11.06.2003 “On peasant (farmer) farming”. This article examines the concept of a peasant (farmer) economy, examines the legal aspects of its activities, analyzes the legislative reforms carried out in this area, identifies current problems, and suggests ways to solve them. The article deals with the dual relationship of civil and land legislation arising in the regulation of land relations, including various transactions with land plots. The authors of the article suggest possible options aimed at eliminating the duality of this relationship, despite the fact that the land plot, taking into account the norms of civil and land legislation, can be considered as a natural object and as an object of civil relations with all the characteristics of real estate.