The ripple tray is a sieve tray without downcomers, in which the liquid contacts with the upward gas counter-currently. The hydrodynamics performance in ripple tray columns was investigated with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Various superficial gas velocity and liquid loads were simulated for the tray with cylindrical cross sections using the Euler-Euler method. The modeling results were validated by comparing the calculated liquid height on the ripple tray with the experimental values. The developed CFD model is found to be able to predict the two phase flow patterns in ripple tray columns and provide useful information for further design of ripple tray.

A one-pot synthetic method for non-toxic Ni3S2 quantum dots (QDs) was proposed by using commercial available nickel acetate as the precursor. The obtained quantum dots were characterized by photoluminescence spectroscopic, powder X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The maximum fluorescence emission peak of Ni3N2 QDs is at 469 nm under the 365 nm ultraviolet light irradiation in PL Spectra. The TEM data reveals that the predominance of particles with a polyhedron structure and the range of average particle size are between 5 and 11 nm.