The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of green banking activities on green financing and banks’ environmental performance. It also identifies the mediating effect of green financing on the relationship between green banking activities and environmental performance of private commercial banks (PCBs) in Bangladesh. Besides, this study also examines the major challenges and benefits of green banking development in an emerging economy like Bangladesh. The convenience sampling technique was used to collect primary data from bankers of PCBs in Bangladesh, and a final sample size of 352 was recorded. To assess the relationship among the study variables, the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach was employed. The empirical results revealed that green banking activities exhibit a significantly positive effect on banks’ environmental performance and sources of green financing, and that sources of green financing significantly influence banks’ environmental performance. Additionally, it was observed that green financing mediates the association between green banking activities and banks’ environmental performance. Furthermore, the study identified customers’ insufficient awareness towards green banking, high investment costs, technical obstacles, lack of capable and competent staff in appraising green credits/loans, and difficulties and complexity in assessing green projects as major challenges affecting the development of green banking in Bangladesh. Moreover, the study also discovered that increasing banks’ competitiveness, reducing long-term costs and expenses, providing online banking facilities, improving customers’ goodwill, and reducing carbon footprints are the key benefits of green banking development, as it helps in the achievement of the sustainable economic development of the country. Therefore, major theoretical and managerial policy implications are further discussed with study limitations and future research directions.

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Manufacture Executing System is superior in information sharing and integrated management, by the combination of the two techniques of MES and ES, an intelligent expert system of Shaogang 3200 m3 blast furnace was established. This system runs stably with higher reliability, and allows to make accurate monitoring and prediction for furnace heat, gas distribution and abnormal furnace conditions, playing a role in guiding operators to run the furnace.

A narcissus calculating method for cryogenic infrared imaging systems is proposed in this paper. The accuracy is largely improved compared to the traditional paraxial analysis, as ray blocking of the optical opertures is taken into account and real ray data are used during the calculation. The narcissus distribution on the full focal plane can be obtained via analyzing field by field. Meanwhile, it can be implemented simply and fast as sequential ray tracing is utilized and rays only pass through three surfaces during the cold return statistics for every retro-reflecting surface. According to this method, a general narcissus calculation package was realized using the macro language of optical design software Code V. The performance of the new method was tested by calculating an example system using this package and comparing it with traditional methods. The results showed that the new method produced the same result accuracy and information quantity as the nonsequential ray trace, while the whole analysis took only 5 s, which was significantly shortened compared with the nonsequential ray trace, which took about 30 min.