Laser soldering has been gradually applied to the soldering of electronic components due to the rapid development of microelectronics. However, it is inefficient to use a mechanical shaft to move a laser beam. Here, a laser soldering system is constructed using galvanometer scanning, and an intelligent algorithm is also introduced to optimize the soldering path. Firstly, a laser soldering system for scanning of galvanometers is established, and the functions of visual monitoring, motion planning and parameter integration are presented. Secondly, the position of the laser beam and the corresponding soldering spot are determined, and the coordinate information is provided to plan a route by camera calibration and coordinate system transformation. Finally, the problem of path planning in this system is decomposed into the generation of the soldering point full coverage processing frame, and the route optimization of processing platform and laser beam motion. Furthermore, an improved clustering algorithm, based on the characteristics of system structure, and a hybrid optimization algorithm are designed to deal with the generation of the soldering point full coverage processing frame, the route optimization of processing platform and laser beam motion. In addition, the simulations and experiments are verified by test board. These findings shown that the established system and designed optimization algorithm can promote the efficiency of laser soldering.