Makro ihtiyati politikanın amacı, ekonomi üzerinde tehlikeli etkileri olan bankacılık krizlerinin çıkmasını engelleyerek finansal istikrarı sağlamaktır. Gelişmekte olan birkaç ülke makro ihtiyati politika araçlarını 2008 mali krizinden çok önce kullanıyordu, ancak sonrasında hem gelişmekte olan hem de sanayileşmiş ekonomilerde makro ihtiyati politika için özel kurumsal ortamlar oluşturmak üzere önemli ilerlemeler kaydedildi. Bu çalışmanın amacı, makro ihtiyati politikanın genel finansal istikrarın sağlanmasındaki önemli rolünü analiz etmektir. 2008 mali krizinden bu yana, makro ihtiyati politika ekonomilerde giderek daha fazla kullanılmaktadır. Makro ihtiyati politikanın başarısı için, farklı makro ekonomik politikaların birleşimi gereklidir. Ayrıca, etkili makro ihtiyati politikanın tasarlanmasında yetkililer arasındaki iletişim önemlidir. Bu durum, merkez bankaları, maliye bakanlıkları ve ekonomi bakanlıkları arasındaki uyumlu iletişimi içerir. Makro ihtiyati politikanın diğer ekonomi politikalarının etkinliğine göre çok daha etkili olduğunu da belirtmek gerekir. İlk olarak, makro ihtiyati bankacılık sistemlerinin istikrarını sağlamayı amaçlar. İkinci olarak, makro ihtiyati politikanın performansı için para politikasının gerekli olduğu belirtilmelidir. Üçüncüsü, döviz kuru rejimleri de makro ihtiyati politikanın etkinliği için çok önemlidir. Dördüncüsü, makro ihtiyati politika, sermaye kontrolü olmayan ülkelerde bankacılık krizlerinden kaçınmada etkilidir, ancak sermaye kontrolü olan ülkelerde etkili değildir. Bu sonuçlar, parasal ve finansal düzenleyiciler dahil olmak üzere politika yapıcılar için önemlidir.

This article was checked by iThenticate.

<p>Traditional production is carried out using fossil fuels. In recent years, the destructive effects of fossil fuel elimination especially on human health and the environment became prominent. This effect leads to an increase in health expenditures (HE), and health problems that are severe and require long term therapies. To counter this problem, some countries have taken some measures to mini the effects of fossil fuels. One of these measures is called “Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry” or LULUCF for short. LULUCF aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere by natural means that are cheap. In this regard, this paper aims to analyze the effects of harmful gases of total emissions in terms of health expenditures both including LULUCF (LI) and excluding LULUCF (LE). Panel data methodology and SPSS Path (Structural Equation) Model were used and cover G7 countries between 1990 and 2016. It was found that there is no linear relationship between LE and HE and LI has no effect on HE. Path analysis showed a negative correlation between LI total emission and SH and a positive correlation between LE total emission and HE.</p>

Purpose -The adverse circumstances which have been experienced in Turkey's economy recently are attributed to different justifications. One of these is the case defined as 'Dutch Disease' in literature. Dutch disease is an economic term for the negative consequences that can arise from a spike in the value of a nation's currency. Within this context, it has been desired to test the validity of 'Dutch Disease' in Turkey's economy for the 2002-2018 period. The case that there is no research which is put forward recently or made with a similar method makes the study different from the others. Methodology -In the study, it is used the annual data belonging to the variables of Consumer Price Inflation (CPI) and Imports between the years 2003-2018. Empirical analysis has been executed by using SPSS (22) Pearson's Test technique and Regression Analysis. Findings-According to the obtained findings, contrary to what is alleged, there is no connection of the adverse circumstances which have been experienced in Turkey's economy recently to 'Dutch Disease'. Conclusion-For the Dutch Disease to be able to occur, the currency used as medium of exchange is required to be convertible. Because the national currencies of the developing countries such as Turkey are not convertible, the national currency appreciates only within the boundaries of the country. The decrease of the production in Turkey is associated with imports not becoming cheaper but on the contrary becoming more expensive.

<p></p><p>Despite the fact that the global economy grows, the income inequality increases. The Income Inequality is an important factor which affects the human life negatively both in the financial and the social manner. It has been made lots of investigations whose topic is the economic growth and the income inequality. In this paper, it has been compared the connection between the economic growth and the income inequality in terms of the polity in the countries. Therefore, it has been desired to be brought a different perspective into the literature on the subject of the economic growth and the income inequality. It has been given information about the situation in the world especially aimed at the income inequality. The correlation of “Gini Coefficient” and “Economic Growth” belonging to the democratic countries (USA, United Kingdom and Germany) and the autocratic countries (Ethiopia, Nigeria and Gabon) in terms of their polities has been tested with the Panel Data Methodology. Empirical analysis involves the period of 1995-2015. In the results obtained by making Panel Data Model, it has been ascertained a negative correlation between the Economic Growth and the Income Inequality for the democratic countries. However in the autocratic countries, it has been seen that this correlation is very weak.</p><br><p></p>