Chemistry of 2-aminothiophenes is arguably one of the most extensive and dynamic field of present-day thiophene research. Since 1961 when first report on the Gewald reaction was reported it became a universal method for synthesis of substituted 2-aminothiophenes and has gained prominence in recent times. The availability of reagents and the mild reaction conditions all contribute to the versatility of this reaction. This review summarizes the synthetic strategies for substituted 2-aminothiophenes. Consequently, details about the proposed mechanism of Gewald-like reactions and the wide scope of substituted 2-aminothiophenes for real life applications.

The surface structure of an individual metal-organic framework (MOF) microcrystal grown on a functionalized surface has been successfully investigated for the first time in air and vacuum using high-resolution atomic force microscopy. Moreover, this detailed surface analysis has been utilized to optimize the MOF formation procedure to obtain a defect-free surface structure. Comparison of obtained data with recent microscopic studies performed on the same MOF crystal but grown by a conventional procedure clearly shows a much higher quality of crystals produced by surface oriented growth. Importantly, this method of preparing crystals suitable for microscopic analysis is also much faster (3 days compared to 2 years) and, in contrast to the conventional method, produces material suitable for in situ study. These results thus demonstrate for the first time the possibility of nanoscale investigation/modification of MOF surface structure.

Review: 188 refs.

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